138 Luciana Oklander et al.
with the white-headed langur (Tang et al., 2024), habitat carrying capacity is limiting further growth of the popula- tion. Other transboundary primate conservation efforts known to us include those for the Critically Endangered Raffles’ banded langur Presbytis femoralis in Malaysia and Singapore (Ang et al., 2016), the Vulnerable brown howler monkey Alouatta guariba in Argentina and Brazil, and the Critically Endangered Cross River gorilla Gorilla gorilla diehli in Nigeria and Cameroon. To appreciate the broader picture over and above the
plight of individual species and locations, we need to step back and look at wider groups and regions. Rafanoharana et al. (2024) and Hameed et al. (2024) do this for lemurs in Madagascar and primates in India, respectively. Madagascar often makes headlines for its high deforestation rates and conservation challenges but extrapolation of cur- rent deforestation rates to 2050 indicates that the protected area systemwill provide a stronghold for the conservation of forest ecosystems and lemurs for at least the next 30 years. This should allow sufficient time for the implementation of effective conservation measures. In contrast, a systematic review of research on Indian primates conducted during 2000–2021 on 20 of the country’s 26 primate species shows, overall, declining population trends, and that only seven species have been surveyed or re-surveyed in the last 5 years. As elsewhere, hunting and habitat loss and fragmentation are the main threats. With so many species threatened, and with conservation
hindered by the availability of both funding and time, how can the future of our closest relatives be secured? From our personal perspectives across three continents, local partici- pation is key to the development and implementation of conservation actions. Primate conservation needs to be em- bedded in local leadership and knowledge, and to foster in- clusivity. Across the major regions where primates live— Africa, Asia, Madagascar and the Neotropics—we see an ur- gent need to enhance local capacity-building programmes and networking to nurture and support the next generation of primate conservationists, as noted in an earlier editorial for conservation more widely (O’Connell & Carter, 2022). Local stakeholders and researchers need to be engaged in
research and conservation work and to be provided with the opportunities and resources to support long-term endeavours that match the long generation times of primates. Amongst others, the Latin American Society of Primatology, African Primatological Society, and Southeast Asian Primatological Association are helping primatology to flourish. The connec- tions fostered by these and other regional and national organi- zations can catalyse effective conservation, capacity-building, long-term field studies and transboundary collaboration.
We thank Anthony Rylands for his critique.
This Editorial and the Oryx articles cited are available as a vir- tual issue:
cambridge.org/core/journals/oryx/virtual-issues.
References
ALEMPIJEVIC, D., HART, J.A., HART, T.B. & DETWILER, K.M. (2022) Using local knowledge and camera traps to investigate occurrence and habitat preference of an Endangered primate: the endemic dryas monkey in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Oryx, 56, 260–267.
ANG, A., D’ROZARIO, V., JAYASRI, S.L., LEES, C.M., LI, T.J., & LUZ,S. et al. (2016) Species Action Plan for the Conservation of Raffles’ Banded Langur (Presbytis femoralis femoralis) in Malaysia and Singapore. IUCN SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group.
iucn.org/resources/grey-literature/species-action-plan-conservation- raffles-banded-langur-presbytis [accessed March 2024].
COSTA-ARAÚJO, R., DA SILVA, L.G., DE MELO, F.R., ROSSI, R.V., BOTTAN, J.P., SILVA, D.A. et al. (2022) Primate conservation in the Arc of Deforestation: a case study of Vieira’s titi monkey Plecturocebus vieirai. Oryx, 56, 837–845.
GALEA, B., MOBARAK, I., IZZATI, N.A., FONG, M.Y., ABDULLAH, M.F.D.,MOHD BUKHARI, A.M. et al. (2024) Recommendations for the establishment of a trans-island canopy bridge network to support primate movement across Langkawi Island, Malaysia. Oryx, 58, 187–191.
HAMEED, S., BASHIR, T., ALI, M.N., KHANYARI,M. & KUMAR,A. (2024) Recent studies on Indian primates show declining population trends, even in protected areas. Oryx, 58, 167–178.
JOHNSON, C.L., HILSER, H., LINKIE, M., RAHASIA, R., ROVERO,F., PUSPARINI,
W.etal. (2020) Using occupancy-based camera-trap surveys to assess the Critically Endangered primate Macaca nigra across its range in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Oryx, 54, 784–793.
KAIZER, M.C., ALVIM, T.H.G., NOVAES, C.L., MCDEVITT, A.D., & YOUNG, R.J. (2022) Snapshot of the Atlantic Forest canopy: surveying arboreal mammals in a biodiversity hotspot. Oryx, 56, 825–836.
MA, C.,TRINH-DINH, H.,NGUYEN,V.-T., LE,T.D., LE,V.D., LE, H.O. et al. (2020) Transboundary conservation of the last remaining population of the cao vit gibbon Nomascus nasutus. Oryx, 54, 776–783.
NGUYEN, A.T., TRINH-DINH, H., LE,M. & MANH HA,N. (2022) Status of a second viable population of the Critically Endangered Delacour’s langur in Viet Nam. Oryx, 56, 439–441.
O’CONNELL,M.&CARTER,M. (2022) Capacity development for conservation. Oryx, 56, 641–642.
RAFANOHARANA, S.C.,ANDRIANAMBININA, F.O.D., RASAMUEL, H.A., WAEBER, P.O.,WILMÉ,L. & GANZHORN, J.U. (2024) Projecting forest cover in Madagascar’s protected areas to 2050 and its implications for lemur conservation. Oryx, 58, 155–163.
RANDRIANJAKA, S., CALKINS, S., SEFCZEK, T.M., FRASIER, C.L., RANDRIAMAMPIONONA, R., RAKOTONIAINA, J.C. et al. (2024) Assessment of ring-tailed lemur Lemur catta populations in south-western Madagascar. Oryx, 58, 164–166.
RYLANDS, A.B., MITTERMEIER, R.A. &WILLIAMSON, E.A. (2020) Primate conservation—new reports from the field. Oryx, 54, 751–752.
TANG, H.X., HUANG, H.L.,WANG, Z.X.,WU, J.B.,WANG, A.L., NONG, D.P. et al. (2024) Population dynamics and conservation status of the white-headed langur in the Chongzuo forest fragments, Guangxi, China. Oryx, 58, 179–182.
TUYISINGIZE, D., KAPLIN, B.A., ECKARDT,W., MUSANA,A.& CAILLAUD,D.(2023) Distribution and conservation status of the goldenmonkeyCercopithecusmitis kandti inRwanda. Oryx, 57, 98–106.
WEARN, O.R., TRINH-DINH, H., LE, Q.K. & NGUYEN, T.D. (2024) UAV-assisted counts of group size facilitate accurate population surveys of the Critically Endangered cao vit gibbon Nomascus nasutus. Oryx, 58, 183–186.
Oryx, 2024, 58(2), 137–138 © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605324000371
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140
