930 P. C. Pototsky andW. Cresswell


TABLE 5 The top 15 most productive institutions from a subsample of 2,374 papers (located in a search of Clarivate Analytics, 2019) pub- lished on conservation during 1987–2017 that had sub-Saharan African authors.


Institution University of Pretoria


University of Stellenbosch University of Cape Town University of KwaZulu Natal Rhodes University


University of the Witswatersrand


Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Université d’Abomey-Calavi Makerere University North West University


University of Johannesburg University of Zimbabwe


Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Sokoine University of Agriculture University of Ghana


Location


South Africa South Africa South Africa South Africa South Africa South Africa South Africa Benin


Botswana


South Africa South Africa South Africa South Africa Tanzania Ghana


No. of papers 81


67 59 46 37 34 22 18 16 15 14 13 12 12 12


% of total papers 3.4


2.8 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5


TABLE 6 The top 15 countries of primary authors in a sample of 2,374 papers (located in a search of Clarivate Analytics, 2019)on conservation that had authors from sub-Saharan African coun- tries. Sub-Saharan African countries are in bold.


Primary author country


South Africa USA UK


Kenya


Ethiopia France


Germany Tanzania Nigeria


Netherlands Uganda


Zimbabwe Australia


FIG. 2 Change in the total number of peer-reviewed conservation research papers with non-African primary authors and with national primary authors (of the 2,374 articles that were randomly subsampled from the full dataset) during 1987–2017 from 41 sub-Saharan African countries. Curves are plotted from models predicting number of papers with the quadratic of year, with grey shaded areas showing one standard error.


Discussion


National conservation research Conservation research output, as measured by the number of articles published, has increased since 1987, but with great variation across countries. Given the socio-economic diversity of the region, this is not a surprising finding. The three countries that published conservation research in 1987 (South Africa, Zimbabwe and Ethiopia) accounted for 51%


Cameroon Belgium


Number of papers


731 227 161 121 88 82 77 61 59 52 48 47 45 43 39


% of total papers


30.8 9.6 6.8 5.1 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.6


of the recorded papers in 2017 and 38% of countries pro- duced a total of,30 papers in 30 years. These countries in- clude Comoros and Djibouti, which have a relatively small population, but also Angola, which is a more economically developed country with a large population. In contrast, authors from the most economically developed country in sub-Saharan Africa, South Africa, contributed 4,980 publi- cations in the same period, nearly four times the number published from Kenya, the second most productive country. A small number of countries appear to dominate conserva- tion research authorship in sub-Saharan Africa, and it is in these countries that capacity for research has developed markedly over this time period. Our findings suggest that


Oryx, 2021, 55(6), 924–933 © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605320000046


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