910 S. P. Mahood et al.


FIG. 2 Bengal florican captive demography for three scenarios of programme quality (1, full range; 2, above average; 3, best possible) and two rates of egg harvest (5 or 10 eggs/year, both for 5 years), without (top and middle rows) and with (bottom row) removal of birds from the captive population for reintroduction, with probability of extinction of the ex situ programme (PEP) after 50 years. The black line shows the geometric mean of model runs.


Conservation Area was monitored throughout the 2019 and 2020 breeding seasons. Based on relatively low levels of mortality it was decided to continue restricting egg har- vest to the period after July in 2019. No eggs were found in 2020, although search effort was low because of COVID-19 related restrictions on fieldwork. It was decided not to take any adults from the wild because of the high risk of mortal- ity, which was thought likely to lead to the entire ex situ conservation programme being closed by the government. Improvements to the in situ conservation programme at the protected population in Baray Bengal Florican Conser- vation Area weremade in early 2019; this population will be monitored intensively, and if signs of decline are detected


then a decision will be made on whether to take eggs. The tiny population at Bakan will be left in the wild because efforts to harvest eggs are best directed towards locations with more individuals and there is still potential for this population to persist because funding has been secured to confer legal protection to this site. In 2019, eggs were found only at Stoung-Chikreang Bengal Florican Conservation Area, where nine eggs were collected during July–September. Five eggs hatched but two chicks subsequently died of unknown causes. Five adult Bengal floricans (three males and two females) were confiscated from hunters in 2019 (possibly owing to increased awareness) and brought to the Angkor Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity, all


Oryx, 2021, 55(6), 903–915 © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605319001510


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