GEO-6 Regional Assessment for Africa

Chapter 2: State and Trends

ending hunger cannot be attained until vulnerable persons have secure and equitable access to land, climate-resilient agricultural practices are implemented and the state of physical infrastructure and the delivery of agricultural extension and research services are improved. Commodity market distortions would also need to be addressed in order to better mitigate the risk of food price volatility. Fifty of the region’s states are party to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention). These are organized around three regional initiatives. The West African Coastal Zone Wetlands Network (WACOWet) covers 13 countries: Benin, Cabo

Figure 2.2.10: Per capita food production index 140

130 120 110 100 90 80 70

Year Sub-Saharan Africa *Note index base 100 in 1961 Source: UNEP 2013 World

d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Niger and Nigeria. In order to ensure the conservation and wise use of wetlands, Contracting Parties have designated several wetlands as Ramsar sites (More...13).

To complement the Ramsar Convention, States undertook, under SDG 15 Target 1, to ensure that by 2020, wetlands are conserved, restored and sustainably used in accordance with international obligations. However, while the SDGs – including that on land – are compartmentalized for clarity and to make them more actionable, wetland degradation, (along with deforestation, land degradation

and

desertification) cannot be addressed independently of the other Goals that are central to true sustainable development. Sub-optimal land use is likely to lead to its degradation and diminish its capacity to eradicate poverty (SDG 1), eliminate hunger (SDG 2), ensure health and well-being (SDG 3) and safeguard access to clean and safe water and adequate sanitation (SDG 6) (Mohieldin and Caballero 2015), galvanize climate action (SDG 13), foster peace and justice (SDG 16) or take into account the numerous interlinkages between the Goals (WHO 2015). An integrated approach is therefore vital to leveraging the synergy of achieving the SDGs in a multifaceted but coordinated push.

Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. The Ramsar Centre for Eastern Africa (RAMCEA) covers Burundi, Djibouti, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania. The Niger River Basin Network (NigerWet)/Réseau Ramsar pour le Bassin du Niger (NigerWet) covers the Niger Basin party states: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte

All the region’s countries are party to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). Forty-two countries have submitted National Action Programmes (NAPs), which are the principal instruments for implementing the UNCCD at national level. Only six of these countries (Burundi, Comoros, Eritrea, Lesotho, Liberia and Namibia) have aligned their NAPs to the current UNCCD 10-year strategy. It is not clear how many NAPs have been integrated into the national development plans. Each of the NAPs feeds into one of the five Sub-Regional Action Programmes (SRAPs) and into the Regional Action Programme (RAP) (More...14).

Under the UNCCD process, the African Union created the TerrAfrica partnership to scale up investment, knowledge sharing and coalition building for sustainable land and water management in 24 countries. The Great Green Wall

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