Additional resources Activities
Activities 12B
Plan and write a 250–300-word article about the new shopping centre for Brightwater based on the interview in section 12A, page 166. Use information from:
• your notes from the interview • the transcript for the interview (track 12.3) • the information below.
Step 1 Look through the information below and decide on the purpose of your article. Then decide what details you want to include to make the story interesting.
Step 2 Draft your writing following the format for the article on page 168. Include two or three quotes. Step 3 Edit your writing using the techniques in the C21 skills section on page 173.
Step 4 Rewrite your article and add a headline, photo and caption. Then share your finished article with other students. blackwater_globe/survey
The Globe
What do you think about pedestrianizing the streets around the new Plaza shopping centre?
In favour Against Poll now closed.
It’s great. I’m really excited about all those big fashion brands coming to our city. Marcus Platt, local resident
Serving Brightwater
With all the new jobs in retail and hospitality, this is a great employment opportunity for our young people. Marcia Dumas, Principal of Brightwater Vocational College
It will be a disaster for the small specialist shops and cafés in the city. And a lot of empty shops won’t look good in the city centre. David Jonas, local councillor
The plan to pedestrianize the centre will push more traffic onto nearby roads. It will definitely make traffic problems worse. Bill Davis, Director of One Bus Company
These activities are an opportunity for you to practise your speaking. Don’t worry about making mistakes. Just think about your message and how to interact with your activity partner.
First-class shopping experience
for Brightwater
At a cost of £200 million, it will create a modern and stylish retail area, surrounded by new public spaces. It will bring more than 1,200 new full-time jobs to the town, mainly in retail and hospitality.
The plan is to create a mix of modern retail units, with covered streets, paths and squares.
Highlights
• 40 new shops, including a flagship department store
The Plaza shopping zone is a key part of the development of Brightwater city centre.
188 English for the 21st
• Ten cafés and restaurants • A five-star theatre • A rooftop restaurant with views to the countryside • Underground parking for 600 cars • Stylish walkways through the shopping zone
• A new public square with cafés and open spaces for outdoor summer events
Century • Activities Key dates
• Contractors arrived on site 12 months ago
• Demolition of old buildings and construction starts
• Proposal for pedestrianization of surrounding streets last month
• On schedule for opening next October
Transcripts
Reading the transcript is another good way to review the language and skills you study. You can make photocopies and write notes on the pages to help you remember the meaning.
Transcripts Unit 1
1.1 1 Scientists estimate that about 25% of the time we are asleep is spent dreaming. But why do we dream? Some experiments suggest that dreams help our brains to organize information. Each day, your brain collects a lot of new information. This could be something very simple like the colour of a car you saw, or something more complicated such as an exam you prepared for. Your brain decides which information to forget and delete, and which to keep stored in the memory. Research shows that dreams play an important part in this process.
2 Edwin Hubble, an American astronomer, created a new instrument, the Hubble Telescope, which is powerful enough to measure light from 10 to 15 light years away. Hubble’s observations have provided evidence that supports the Big Bang theory. According to the Big Bang theory, the universe was smaller, denser and hotter than anything we can imagine. Then, suddenly, it exploded. In less than a second, the universe went from being smaller than an atom to being bigger than a galaxy. Astronomers estimate that this happened approximately 14 billion years ago. It is important to note, however, that a significant number of scientists believe that the Big Bang theory does not explain how all the matter in the universe came from nothing. It seems that more research is required before we can be sure.
3 There’s a website I read where they talk about all the strange things in the sky that people see. You know, UFOs, that’s unidentified flying objects. Every year, hundreds of people see things in the sky, like bright lights, and nobody knows what they are. But I think they are alien spaceships. And it’s all top secret. The government knows that there are aliens out there, but they don’t tell us because they don’t want people to be frightened. But I’m not scared, actually. They are probably very friendly.
4 When we make a decision, do we really make the decision? Do we have a choice? Let me explain. When you put a shirt on in the morning, how do you decide which shirt? Let’s say you chose the cleanest one. Why? Because you have a tutorial today and society tells us to wear clean shirts not dirty shirts for tutorials. So we don’t make a decision, it was already made. We just don’t know it.
1.2 1 A What is the rarest blood type? B AB Negative. Less than 1% of the world population has this type of blood. The most common blood type is O, about 47% of the population.
2 A Who discovered penicillin? B The Scottish biologist, Alexander Fleming. He actually discovered it by accident.
3 A Has a dog ever been into space? B Yes, the Russians sent a dog called Laika into space in 1957. This was four years earlier than the first human astronaut, Yuri Gagarin.
4 A Will there ever be a cure for cancer? B Possibly. There have been some breakthroughs in vaccines. In the USA, five billion pounds is spent every year on research.
5 A Is the number of malaria cases going down? B Yes, it is. It is going down by about 5% a year.
6 A Are European Union countries going to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases they produce?
B Yes, all the major countries signed an agreement to cut greenhouse gases by 40% by 2030.
1.3 a Where’s he gone? b What did he do? c How does he know? d What’s he doing? e What’ll he do? f What’s he going to do?
1.4 As a professor of language teaching I am often asked the same question, ‘What’s the best way to learn a language?’. Well, that’s a very difficult question to answer because it depends on so many factors such as ‘What language are you learning?’, ‘What languages do you already speak?’, ‘What do you need the language for?’, and so on. But we do know from decades of research that most successful language learners share certain characteristics. So, I’m going to give you a profile of a ‘good’ language learner. Broadly speaking, I can say that a good learner experiments with language and she takes risks. That’s the first thing. And she is realistic. By realistic, I mean she knows that learning a language is not simple or easy. It takes time and effort. She accepts that sometimes progress will seem slow. Next, she is independent, meaning she doesn’t just sit in the classroom expecting to learn. Instead, she is always looking for opportunities to learn, to practise, to improve. And importantly, a good learner is able to find the right balance between accuracy and fluency. And by accuracy we mean communicating correctly, not making mistakes or errors, and by fluency we mean communicating freely and easily. Right, the final feature of a successful learner is that she thinks critically about her learning journey. By this I mean she is aware of her progress and knows what she needs to improve. And she knows which methods work for her, and which methods don’t. Because we are all different, and we learn in different ways.
1.5 a So, I’m going to give you b learning a language isn’t simple or easy c she’s always looking d a good learner’s able to find e she’s aware of her progress
194 English for the 21st Century • Transcripts
Word list
Use the word list to revise. You can translate the words into your own language and add example sentences. You can write your own examples or find examples from the unit.
Word list Word
Unit 1 ability
according (to) account accuracy alien
astronaut
astronomer balance
barometer Big Bang biologist blood brain
calculate
characteristic climate change correct
correctly decision
develop discover dream
Earth
electric energy
environment error
estimate event
evidence
experience experiment explain
explanation fact
fluency free will
global warming gravity
greenhouse gas improve
increase
independent information instrument
206 English for the 21st Section Word type Word invest
C C A C A B A
C A A B B A
A C A C C
A A B A
A B B B C A B A B A A A
A C A
B A B
C A C A A
noun
preposition noun noun
noun/adjective noun noun
noun/verb noun noun noun noun noun
verb
noun noun
adjective/verb adverb
noun verb verb
noun/verb noun
adjective noun noun noun
noun/verb noun noun
noun/verb noun/verb verb
noun noun
noun
noun phrase noun
noun noun
verb noun
adjective noun noun
Century • Word list
investigate land
language launch learner link
mathematician measure
measurement method mistake model
motivate objective
observation observe opinion orbit
penicillin
phenomenon philosopher planet
pollution practise
prediction progress project proof prove
question radiation
rapport realistic reduce
relationship research resources reuse rocket
satellite save
scientist sign
situation
slow down space
Section Word type
B A
B C B C A
A A A C C B C
A A A C B
B A A A B C B C B A A
A A
B C B B A B B B
B B A B B B B
verb verb
verb
noun verb
noun noun
noun verb
noun noun
noun/verb noun verb
adjective noun verb
noun noun
noun noun noun noun noun verb
noun noun noun noun verb
noun/verb noun
noun
adjective verb
noun
noun/verb noun verb
noun noun
verb
noun verb
noun verb
noun
176 English for the 21st
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