Despite being called the German Democratic Republic, the GDR was neither democratic nor a republic. There were no free elections, there was no freedomofmovement and itwas a totalitarian dictatorship (where the state or government has complete control over the citizens and individual expression is suppressed).
The wall
Since 1945, approximately 2.5 million people had fled into West Berlin. The East German government wanted to stop this. Over one night in August 1961, the first barrier in Berlin was built. Berliners woke to realise that they were physically separated from family, friends, work and even their homes. Slowly this barrier became a wall of three and a half metres. It was 66 miles long with another 41 miles of barbed wire entirely encirclingWest Berlin.
Fig 17.6 The flag of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Weblink
Watch: ‘Life behind the Berlin Wall’ by the Economist on YouTube.
✣ By the way
In 1979, Hans Strelczyk and Gunter Wetzel built a hot air balloon to fly over the wall.
Fig 17.7 The Berlin Wall near the Brandenburg Gate in 1962.