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Currently, Next Generation Multiplexes (NGMs) examine an increased number of sites comprising those presently used for SGM+ profiling plus additional sites.
Of course, in some cases it is not possible to obtain a viable sample for analysis. When there is insufficient good quality DNA to produce a full profile a partial profile may still be possible. The match probability of such a profile can be significantly reduced to the point where it is not possible to reach any conclusion as to evidential or even intelligence value. In order to calculate the probability of a partial match, reference databases are used to estimate the proportion of the STR profile in the corresponding populations. The rarity of certain characteristics is also taken into account.
Further problems arise when the sample is mixed. The profile derived from the electropherogram from a single source will have two peaks at each locus, one from each parent. Were, for example, samples from a crime scene to contain blood from two people, the EPG would show four peaks at each locus. The more contributors to the mix, the more difficult interpretation becomes. Without being able to subtract known profiles, such as from a victim or others known to have had the potential to contribute, the mixture has too many variables to interpret with certainty.
Footprint marks under examination
The smaller size means they are more robust and less prone to degradation but resulting profiles are still compatible with database searching.
Contrary to the impression given in “CSI” type media, even a standard crime scene sample can still take 48 hours to process, with further time taken for interpretation, depending on the complexity of the result. Under exceptional circumstances this time can be reduced, but only with greatly increased demands on equipment time and personnel therefore incurring greatly increased costs. Obviously, the more complex the profiling method used, the longer it will take to interpret the findings, and inevitably the more the technology advances the greater the demand will be for DNA to be the key to the presentation of evidence to the Courts in criminal trials.
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www.labmate-online.com/articles Expansion of Tissue Culture Plasticware Range
Porvair Sciences has announced new additions to its popular range of high quality tissue culture (TC) treated laboratory plasticware. Complementing its tissue culture treated flasks, dishes, syringe filters, centrifuge tubes and microplates, Porvair has added new ranges of affordably priced, top quality pipettes, micro-pipettes, pipette fillers, filter tips and cell scrapers.
Porvair TC-plastics are made to the highest international standards for material quality, surface optical polish, tissue culture treatment, sterility and pack integrity. All products are certified to be free from DNA/RNA, DNase/RNase and Pyrogen contamination. Investment in UK based laboratory testing ensures that you receive consistently high quality products.
To download the new 2014 tissue culture plasticware range e-catalogue please visit
www.epigeneticsexpress.com/.
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Launch of new Online Consumables Store
Laboratory staff now have access to a wide range of hollow cathode lamps, infrared accessories, spectrophotometer cells, deuterium arc lamps, visible lamps, pH probes & buffers, conductivity probes and ion selective electrodes.
Designed to make the ordering of consumables easy, and the swift arrival of orders even easier,
www.spectronic.co.uk also expects to offer outstanding value. The e-commerce side of the site has only been active a few weeks but is already attracting great interest.
Spectronic Camspec’s name is widely respected as providers of UV/VIS spectrophotometers, FTIR spectrophotometers, mercury analysers, polarimeters, refractometers, food texture analysers and a full range of electrochemical instrumentation for all laboratories.
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