A narrowly endemic species of Begoniaceae: rediscovery, distribution and conservation of Begonia jocelinoi
I SIS PAG L I A ,J AQ U E L I N I L UB ER VIDAL DE F REIT A S MANSANO and LEANDRO F REIT AS
Abstract Begonia jocelinoi Brade (Begoniaceae) is a threat- ened species, endemic to a small locality in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The species was formerly listed as Wanted in the Red List of Endemic Flora of the state of Rio de Janeiro because it had not been recorded since 1953. After evaluat- ing herbarium collections and conducting fieldwork during May 2019–February 2020,we report the rediscovery of a sin- gle population of 65 reproductive individuals of B. jocelinoi, along with numerous seedlings, besides a trail in Itatiaia National Park. This Park is an IUCN category II protected area that permits some tourism activities. Some individuals of B. jocelinoi showed signs of pruning following the main- tenance of the trail.Werecommend strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation of this narrowly endemic species, in- cluding provision of advice to tourists regarding the occur- rence of threatened species, and diversion of the trail where the species occurs.
Keywords Atlantic Forest, Begonia jocelinoi,Brazil, ecotour- ism impact, micro endemism, plant conservation, rare species, small population
Supplementary material for this article is available at
doi.org/10.1017/S0030605321000740
Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC, 2008), have been established. One of the main goals of conserva- tion is the maintenance of ecosystems, communities, habi- tats and the species within them (Soulé, 1987). Habitat loss, however, is a significant threat to biodiversity, especially for species with restricted geographical distributions such as narrowly endemic species, which usually have specific habi- tat requirements (Essl et al., 2009). Most Brazilian species of Begonia are endemic to the
I
country, mainly to the highly diverse and threatened Atlantic Forest (Jacques & Gregório, 2020). As a result of
ISIS PAGLIA (Corresponding author,
orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8079,
isispaglia@jbrj.org.br), JAQUELINI LUBER,VIDAL DE FREITAS MANSANO and LEANDRO FREITAS Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22460-030, Brazil
Received 31 July 2020. Revision requested 25 September 2020. Accepted 20 May 2021. First published online 18 March 2022.
n response to increased biodiversity loss (Ceballos et al., 2015), international conventions and plans, such as the
historical loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, the Atlantic Forest is one of the so-called hottest global hotspots (Laurance, 2009; Rezende et al., 2018), and protected areas are critical for the conservation of the remaining fragments of this forest. The first protected area in Brazil, ItatiaiaNational Park, was founded in 1937 in an important centre of endemism in theAtlantic Forest, theMantiqueira Mountain Range (Fiaschi &Pirani, 2009). The Park is an IUCN (1994)categoryIIpro- tected area, which allows public visitation. Itatiaia National Park contains 13.5%(25) of the Begonia
species known from the Atlantic Forest and 29% of the Begonia species known from Rio de Janeiro state (Jacques & Gregório, 2020). Begonia jocelinoi (Plate 1) is endemic to the Park and was formerly categorized asWanted in the Red List of the Endemic Flora of Rio de Janeiro state as the species had not been recorded since 1953 (Rosa et al., 2018). Until now, B. jocelinoiwas only known fromherbariumspecimens: the first collection was in the Park in 1943 (J.J. Sampaio 09, holotype RB, isotypes CEPEC, NY, SP; E. Pereira 324,paratypes RB), which appear in the protologue of specimen A.C. Brade 21228,paratypeMBML, RB,in 1953. To obtain information on B. jocelinoi we consulted
JABOT (2019), Specieslink (2020), and herbariumcollections at RB and SPF.We visited Itatiaia National Park four times during May 2019–February 2020 to search for B. jocelinoi. Previous records of B. jocelinoi were at 1,000–1,500 m altitude and therefore we explored trails close to the type collection site and other similar trails up to c. 2,000 m altitude (Fig. 1). We located a single population of B. jocelinoi with 65
individuals at the reproductive stage and several hundred seedlings in five localities over 1,123–1,532 m on the Três Picos trail. The individuals at the reproductive stage had flower buds, flowers and/or fruits. Fruits had well-formed seeds, but we did not test viability. The location is shaded, with high humidity and diffuse sunlight. Some individuals were in a clearing resulting from the death of the native bamboo Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth following synchron- ous flowering. We also located additional collections of B. jocelinoi in
herbaria, all of them from the Três Picos trail: M.L.O. Trovó 510 (RB) collected in 2012, J. Luber 421 (RB), I. Paglia 31 and 72 (RB) and C. Baez 1876 (RB) collected in 2019. Other specimens that we found identified as B. jocelinoi on Specieslink are in fact Begonia convolvulacea
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Oryx, 2022, 56(6), 935–938 © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605321000740
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