SPECTROSCOPY 75
Advances in multilabel readers
Bernd Hutter and Dr Frank Schleifenbaum reveal the latest developments in multilabel readers for spectroscopic applications.
M
icroplate readers and, particularly in recent years,
multilabel readers (MLR) – also referred to as multimode or multi-technology readers – have developed to become a highly versatile tool for optical investigations of biochemical interactions and cellular processes.
Fig. 1. TriStar’s multilabel reader with monochromator technology for spectroscopic applications.
Typically the samples to be investigated are available in small amounts only and thus handy microtitre plates with volumes from approximately 1ml down to 5µL are used. Very recently, specific devices have been developed allowing the usage of as little as 2 to 4µL of sample only for detection. Tese devices are mainly used for investigation, e.g. purity and concentration,
of nucleic acid products of polymerase chain reactions (PCR).
Gathering the deepest information Te variety of different read-out modes is large, all guided by the aim to obtain the deepest information of the sample of interest: absorbance, fluorescence, time-resolved fluorescence, fluorescence polarisation, Alpha technologies as well as luminescence and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET).
Each one of them has its advantages for getting specific information and a combination of two or more provides a wider and confirmed insight into the processes studied.
Spectroscopic techniques are dramatically extending the capabilities of these methods in MLRs. In general, the spectroscopic techniques can be subdivided in frequency-resolved and time-resolved techniques. Te latter – called fluorescence lifetime – exploits the intrinsic property of fluorescence emission being fast but not instantaneous. Tis means, that the fluorescence light emitted by a sample is slightly delayed with respect to the excitation light. Measuring this delay can offer valuable insights into the molecular properties of a sample or can be used to separate a target signal from unintended background- emission.
Intensifying knowledge On the other hand, the possibility to record absorbance and fluorescence spectra in the frequency domain offers the opportunity to intensify the knowledge about biochemical reactions and biophysical
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