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24 ANALYTICAL AND LABORATORY EQUIPMENT


Tis can be performed through various tests. When scaling up, it is important to also determine the heat transfer area to the maximum cake volume for each piece of equipment.


Te agitator design is the next important factor. Filter dryer agitators are cantilevered and subjected to high torque of the solids. Teir maximum speeds are therefore very low, usually in the range of 5 to 25 rpm.


When scaling up, it is important to match the tip speed of the agitator to simulate the same agitator to product contact times.


When simulating a filtration scale-up the final factor is to maintain the same cake depth. As the product builds up on the filter media, the product cake starts to act as the filter media.


As long as the cracks and preferential channelling are eliminated with the agitator, the filtration time should be comparable with the same parameters of cake depth and applied pressure. Tis has been proven to work from lab scale to large-scale production.


Te applications of the filter dryer are as vast as with a commercial agitated nutsche filter dryer that is widely used in the production processes of pharmaceutical, chemical and laboratory industries.


Tey are designed for the filtration and drying in the same unit of active pharmaceutical


ingredients (API) and chemical compounds. PSL’s experience shows that these filter dryers are installed in API production plants but also used for formulation of microsphere drugs, isolated peptides, isolated crystals and even cosmetic applications.


For more information ✔ at www.scientistlive.com/eurolab


Fig. 2. The Mini Lab GFD in stainless steel and glass.


Camille Flores-Kilfoyle is with Powder Systems Limited (PSL) in Liverpool, UK. www.powdersystems.com


Fig. 3. Full scale-up range of filter dryers from PSL.


www.scientistlive.com


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