46 DRUG DISCOVERY & DEVELOPMENT
Maximising the use of multiwell assays
Sara Verna discusses trends and challenges in microplate development, why cell based assays are more biologically relevant than other assays and common applications with cell based assays.
Sara Verna discute des tendances et des défis dans le développement des microplaques, explique pourquoi les analyses cellulaires sont plus pertinentes d’un point de vue biologique que les autres analyses et présente les domaines d’utilisation courants des analyses cellulaires.
Sara Verna diskutiert Trends und Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung von Mikrotiterplatten, warum zellbasierte Proben biologisch relevanter als andere Proben und gängigere Anwendungen mit zellbasierten Proben sind.
A
ccording to the latest study of R&D productivity by Deloitte
and Tomson Reuters, from 2011 to 2012, the cost of bringing a new drug to market increased by approximately 30%.Te authors estimated that the cost to launch a new drug is approximately $1.1 billion (€800 million) and that greater than 50% of the cost of drug development is attributable to the high expense of clinical trials.
Failure at the clinical trial stage is extremely expensive for a company, and collecting information on how drug candidates interact with cells early in the discovery process will help identify prime candidates to take to clinical trials.
Cell-based assay use is rapidly increasing in pharma and academic research. Te cell based assay global market is expected to grow US $1.5 billion (€1.1 million) by 2017. In the first stage of drug discovery, basic research involves identifying cellular and genetic targets.
Cell-based assays are more biologically relevant than biochemical assays because they provide an indication of in vivo drug activity in an in vitro setting.
In addition, collecting information on how drug candidates interact with cells early in the discovery phase
will help avoid the high cost of late stage failures. Cell-based assays provide high-throughput screening of targets and functional experiments that target binding and specificity. It is estimated that microplate cell-based assays account for half of all assays used in drug development for primary and secondary drug screening and toxicity testing.
Due to increased utilisation of cell-based assays in pharma and academic research, demand for microplate readers with superior imaging and analysis for fluorescence signals is growing.
Microplate reader manufacturers have advanced technology to detect signals originating from a living cell through design of features for optimal temperature, gas and pH environments combined with enhanced direct optical approaches in bottom reading. Researchers should be aware of new equipment with
Fig. 1. Researchers overcome the ‘edge effect’ with the Thermo Scientific Nunc Edge Plate with evaporation barriers, enabling use all 96 wells without exclusion of outer rows.
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