DC wayside energy effi ciency
Although rail is inherently more effi cient than most other modes of transport, rail operators are always under pressure to reduce both operational costs and environmental impact. Bryce Denboer, ABB’s sector manager for rail, explains how the global leader in power systems’ suite of energy management solutions can contribute to energy savings and reduced costs.
O
ffering the benefi ts of energy and cost savings, lower CO2 emissions, and a more
attractive transport system, a new breed of innovative energy effi ciency equipment offers excellent return on investment.
ABB’s Enviline is a complete suite of energy effi cient products that offers the ideal solution for each network environment. The family of products starts with the standard power
stock or network control systems.
One solution designed to recover energy is the Enviline Energy Recovery System (ERS), which consists of an IGBT inverter installed at the DC substation and is connected in parallel with the existing diode rectifi ers to force energy from the DC traction grid back to the AC grid.
Some rail transport authorities operate on
and it can be provided with super-capacitors for short duration storage and recovery of surplus braking energy, or with batteries to provide additional benefi ts and revenue generating services.
Benefi ts of ESS include sustaining the voltage where large sags cause problems, augmenting traction
STAND: D91
power during acceleration and reducing the penalties associated with high demand peaks. ESS can also be used as a permanently installed or mobile standalone traction power system to replace conventional grid-connected traction power systems. When used with batteries, ESS can also provide emergency power and even generate revenues by participating in local energy markets, like ABB’s project with the South East Pennsylvania Transit Authority (SEPTA) in the USA.
Both ERS and ESS are modular for scalable power and
designed for
retrofi t to accommodate the challenges of fi tting new equipment to existing railway substations, where the fi xings and connections are pre-defi ned.
These complex projects can offer a high return on investment (ROI) with strong engineering and project management support, which is ABB’s specialist domain, with the optimum ROI being derived from the technical
supply components, such as transformers and rectifi ers, continues with ABB’s latest innovations for energy recovery in traction, and is completed by assured receptivity units and protection devices.
Today, rail vehicles regenerate braking energy through the traction motor, which works as a generator. Most of the time, a small portion of this kinetic energy powers on-board loads, while the remaining energy is sent back to the network and re-used if a nearby vehicle is accelerating. If this is not possible, the network voltage increases due to the excess energy and the surplus must be dissipated into on-board or wayside resistors.
Recycling this surplus braking energy can reduce the overall energy consumption by 10- 30% without the need to invest in new rolling
more centralised networks using an internal, grid-independent, medium voltage (MV) distribution network. For these authorities, Enviline ERS provides compact and low cost energy inversion to reuse braking energy within the MV network with a rapid payback.
ERS not only recovers energy from braking trains to help improve energy effi ciency, it can also mitigate reactive power, provide active fi ltering to reduce the effect of harmonics and support existing rectifi ers.
For operators that cannot sell surplus energy at attractive rates because they connect their substations directly to the local electric company or because of power quality issues, we also offer the Enviline Energy Storage System (ESS). ESS is the industry’s smallest, most modular and fl exible energy storage system,
details of each installation.
The Enviline suite is complemented by the Energy Dissipation System (EDS) for assured receptivity when braking energy cannot be recycled or stored. The wayside EDS avoids the weight and maintenance burden of on-board braking resistors and provides assured braking energy receptivity on the line, while also eliminating the on-board resistors that cause heating of tunnels. Coupling EDS with ERS or ESS, rail operators can achieve assured braking receptivity while ensuring the economical recycling of as a much surplus braking energy as possible.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
T: 01925 741 111 E:
Bryce.denboer@
gb.abb.com W:
www.abb.com/railway
rail technology magazine Apr/May 13 | 109
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