In 2009, India produced 550,000 tons of gray iron castings, 880,000 tons of steel castings, 800,000 tons of ductile iron castings, 653,000 tons of nonferrous castings and 60,200 tons of white iron castings.


billion people, more than 300 million are considered middle class. According to global management con- sulting company McKinsey & Co., a tenfold increase in India’s middle class to 583 million people is expected by 2025, or more than 40% growth. Tis growth is now driving a demand for manufac- tured goods, and given the higher disposable incomes, higher quality products are finding a market. In 2006-2007, India’s manufacturing sector grew 11.3%, higher than the growth in the services sector. At present, the automotive sector accounts for 4.2% of


India’s GDP. Since 2002, production volume has shown a 16% compound annual growth rate, while automotive export volume has increased 34% (Fig. 2). Some economists believe India has the potential to own up to 7% of the world’s auto components market. Two and three-wheelers constitute a large part of India’s


domestic automotive industry by volume, but cars and commercial vehicles are growing faster and form a sizeable piece of the market in terms of dollars (Fig. 3). Global auto manufacturers are responding to this increasing demand by aggressively expanding their assembly capacities in India. Assembly capacity increased by 50% in 2008 (Fig. 4). Much of Indian manufacturing is devoted to domestic


goods, but the country exports a significant quantity of dia- monds, cotton, some machinery, oil products and chemicals. It averages about $155 billion in exports annually.


The Market for Indian Castings According to the Indian Institute of Foundrymen (IIF),


India’s casting production grew annually at a rate of about 5% (Fig. 5) through 2002. Between 2003 and 2007, the growth exceeded 17%. Production declined in late 2008 and early 2009. But production growth has since returned to approxi- mately 20% and is expected to double by 2013 to about 15 million tons. An in-depth analysis of the underlying markets justifies the projection of reaching 20 million tons by 2020. India is a gray iron country, with about 66% of its metal-


casting production devoted to the metal and only a small per- centage to nonferrous materials. Nonferrous casting produc- tion is expected to grow faster than ferrous production in the coming years, but due to the excess of infrastructure spending and related castings, it will take several years for the automo- tive and aerospace market segments to have a significant impact on the production breakdown. Te largest single market, automobiles, has been growing at 18% per annum, and Indian automobile production could


2009年印度生产了55万吨 灰铁件、88万吨铸钢件和80 万吨球铁件、65.3万吨有色 金属铸件和6.02万吨白口铁 铸件。


亿人口中超过3亿人可以 被认为是中产阶层。据 全球管理咨询公司麦肯锡 公司预计，2025年印度 的中产阶级将增加到5.83


亿人，或达到40％以上的增长。这种增长推动了制成品 的需求，而可支配收入增加，更高质量产品可以找到市 场。在2006-2007年，印度制造业增长11.3%，比服务 业增长更快。


目前汽车业占印度GDP的4.2%。自从2002年以来， 汽车产量年均增长率为16%，而汽车出口量增长34%（ 图2）。一些经济学家认为印度汽车有潜力占到世界汽 车市场的7%。


虽然摩托车和三轮车占印度国内汽车业的很大部分， 但是轿车和商务车增长更快，并形成了相当大的美元市 场（图3）。全球汽车制造商都通过积极扩大在印度的 装配能力来应对这种日益增长的需求。2008年印度组装 能力提高了50%（图4）。


印度制造业大多致力于本国货物，但该国出口大量的 钻石、棉花、一些机器、石油产品和化学产品。印度每 年平均出口1550亿美元。


印度铸造业市场


据印度理工学院统计，印度的铸造生产每年以5%左 右的速度增长（图5）。在2003年到2007年之间，铸造 业增长超过了17%。2008年和2009年铸造产量下降。 但自那以后铸造产量增长速度恢复到20%，预计2013 年将翻倍达到一千五百万吨左右。相关市场的深入分 析，预测2020年将达到两千万吨。


印度是一个灰铁铸造国家，灰铁铸件占6 6%的铸造 产品，有色铸造只占一小部分。在将来几年，有色铸造 产量预计将比黑色金属铸造产量增长更快，但是由于过 度的基础设施建设支出和相关铸件生产，汽车和航空的 细分市场要在几年后才会对铸造产品分类产生重大的 影响。


作为最大单一市场，汽车每年增长18%，而且在将来 Fall 2011 FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION | 53


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