21 Ways to Avoid Molten Metal Explosions
A proper safety plan for potential physical explosions can save lives and prevent huge financial loss.
AMERICAN FOUNDRY SOCIETY 10-Q SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE, SCHAUMBURG, ILL.; FRED KOHLOFF, AMERICAN FOUNDRY SOCIETY, SCHAUMBURG, ILL.
21种防止熔融金属爆炸的方法 一个针对潜在物理性爆炸的正确的安全措施可以避免生命和巨大的经济损失。
美国铸造协会10-Q安全与健康委员会，绍姆堡，伊利诺伊州； FRED KOHLOFF，美国铸造协会，绍姆堡，伊利诺伊州
M
olten metal explosions can occur without warning in metalcasting facilities and throw molten metal and high-temperature solids throughout the surrounding area,
putting workers, equipment and nearby building structures at risk. Tese explosions can cause fatalities, serious burns and extensive property damage. Te major cause of explosions is the entrapment of liquid, water or moisture beneath the surface of molten metal. When this occurs, hot particles of molten metal become finely dis- persed in water or moisture and instantaneously turn to steam or vapor. Te rapid heat transfer from the hot particles to the water can cause a violent explosion. Water, the most common cause of molten metal explo- sions, expands to 1,600 times its original volume. Te violence of an explo-
sion depends on the quan- tity of liquid and the rate of energy released, coupled with the amount of molten metal that has encapsulated the liquid. Dangerous incidents,
such as spitting, splash- ing or explosions, although
Store scrap material under cover for at least one day or until thoroughly dry. Carefully inspect scrap piles, bales and containers for any residual moisture (e.g. hydraulic or cleaning fluids, oils, etc.).
在
铸造厂中熔融金属爆炸前可能会毫无征 兆，爆炸时向四周飞溅出金属液和高温固 体，给工人，设备和附近的建筑结构带来
危险。这种爆炸会造成伤亡，严重烧伤和巨大的财产 损失。爆炸主要是由熔融金属表面下的液体，水或者湿 气引起的。当爆炸发生时，金属液中的微小高温颗粒散 布到水或者湿气中，使其立即蒸发，形成蒸汽。高温颗 粒和水之间急速的热交换会引起剧烈的爆炸。水，作为 最常见的熔融金属爆炸的 诱因，在爆炸中能够膨胀 到原来体积的1600倍。 爆炸的剧烈程度取决于 液体的数量和能量释放的 速率，以及包围液体的金 属液的数量。
在钢、铁和有色金属铸 造厂中金属液喷溅、泼洒 或者爆炸之类的危险事故 虽然发生很少，但后果会 非常严重，主要有几个原 因，包括： • 在装料前缺乏炉料中
废旧炉料覆盖保存至少一天， 或者直至完全干燥。详细检查 废料堆、废料包和容器中是否 有残留湿气（例如液压设备用 水或者清洁用水、油等）。
Fall 2011
FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION | 45
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