Table 1. Indian Metalcasting Clusters by Geography Cluster
State Belgaum Coimbatore
to be achieved. With power
outages common, manufacturing in India will not be able to reach its full potential unless con- siderable investment is made to support the industrial sec- tors. Nevertheless, a transformation of the country’s met- alcasting facilities already is underway.
Batala/Jalandhar Kolhapur Rajkot
Karnataka Tamil Nadu Punjab
Maharashtra Gujarat
表1.印度铸造地理集群
Number of Plants 100 600 N/A 250 500
Major End-Use Markets
Automotive engines/pumps/valves Pumps/valves
Machine parts/agricultural implements Automotive/pumps/valves Oil engines/automotive
每年对基础设施 建设投资2000- 3000亿美元。 由于停电司空 见惯，印度铸造业 将无法充分发挥其 潜力，除非有相当 大的投资来支持这 个工业部门。不过 印度铸造厂正在进 行改革。
Growth of Manufacturing India is the second most populous country in the world,
after China, with 1.2 billion people. But unlike the slow population growth in China due to the country’s one child per family policy, India is growing quickly. A net 20 million people are added to the population of India annually. What’s more, the country is young. Te median age of the
population in India is about 26. Tis combination of a rapidly growing and young population means good things for the future of the Indian economy. According to Goldman Sachs, in 2050, India is expected
to have one of the three largest economies (by GDP) in the world, along with China (first) and the U.S. (second), and be an order of magnitude larger than Japan, which ranks fourth (Fig. 1).
Estimates put the current size of the Indian economy at
$1.7 trillion, with GDP growth rates around 7.5 to 8.5%, second only to China. When the rest of the world was in a recession period, India’s GDP growth was just above 6%. Te Indian prime minister has said he would like the country to grow at 10% annually (the average rate of growth for China). With this kind of growth, why hasn’t India been as visible
as some other emerging markets? With a focus on call-centers, business process outsourcing and knowledge process outsourc- ing firms, India has traditionally been viewed as an economy driven by the service sector—the world’s back office and IT software writer. Services make up approximately 50% of the Indian economy. Tis is fueling the boom in the country. Te global demand for services from India has led to the
creation of a large and growing middle-class with increasing disposable incomes. Of India’s 1.2
制造业的增长
印度是世界上第二大人口大国，仅次于中国，一 共有12亿人口。但是不像中国实行计划生育政策保持 很低人口增长率，印度人口增长很快。印度每年增加 2000万人口。此外，这个国家很年轻，人口年龄平均 在26岁左右。人口快速增长和人口年龄低对印度未来 经济是好事。
据高盛公司称，2050年印度预计将成为世界三个最 大的经济体（按国内生产总值）之一，仅次于中国（第 一）和美国（第二），而且比第四位的日本大一个量级 （图1）。
印度现在经济总产值估计有1.7万亿美元，具有7.5- 8.5%的GDP增长率，仅次于中国。当世界其它地方处于 衰退的时期，印度GDP增长率还高于6%。印度总理声称 他要让印度每年增长率达到10%（中国平均增长率）。 拥有这种增长，印度为何没有像它在一些新兴市场 的表现那样显著呢？由于专注于服务中心、业务流程外 包和知识流程外包公司，印度传统上被看成依靠服务机 构——世界后勤办公室和IT软件程序员推动经济。服务 业大约占印度经济的50%。这推动着印度的繁荣发展。 全球对印度服务的需求已经导致印度建立一个庞大而 且在日益增加的中产阶 层，他们可支配收入在 不断地增加。在印度12
This chart shows the growth of (from left to right) gray iron, ductile iron, white iron, steel, nonferrous and total casting production in India over the past decade.
该图从左到右显示了印度十 年来灰铁、球铁、白口铁、 钢、有色金属和总的铸件 产量。
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FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION Fall 2011
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