Fig. 5. Michrosphere fixing mecha- nism is shown in detail.


֣ਭূ理机化֡珠漂 ֣


is these areas where important improvement opportunities materialize. As the size of the risers is reduced, the thermal solicitations are minimized and, in consequence, the metallurgical properties in the neighbor- ing areas are significantly improved. Yield is an area to be investigated, since plenty of indus-


trial applications can still be found in which the yield hardly reaches 40% (Fig.1). Tese general reflections have been the basis for the con-


figuration and the starting of the “SUPERALLOY” project. Conventional design concepts were reviewed, paying atten- tion to the criteria for modulus, volume and feeding distance. Tis article focuses on the manufacturing of cast steel


components, where relevant improvement margins exist, since a set of convenient circumstances converge on them. Te high level of detail that must be paid to these parts and their production batch size—often small or even unitary— have become a barrier to any work on improvement strategies in terms


of net/gross yield because of the concern of “getting the part right.”


In those cases in which the productive activity belongs to


market nichés with high technical requirements, simulation tools are employed to validate the designs so that foundries can securely go ahead with less conservative designs.


EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Te experimental stage of the


work started with the review and comparison of the calculation and design methods that are applied in a representative number of steel foundries, resulting in a variable


。ਈ性金冶ङֿ区 ӟս率ё是қ得ू९ङ 用应Џ工量ם֨О֜，ֿ领 ӱ达难很ё率սӟङ述۱И


合级超Ȕ动կչ想构是ৰ思ङ本ׂп这。） ֣（


，念概ઋગङ统Ѯд顾֛Эћ我 י此。ॅׂङऩ项ȕ金 П要Ҽ注ङ是模数、੭ঢ়液量չ੭ঢ়距ख़方面ङ标ӕ。 有量ם֨存面方п这О֜，ф生ङў钢铸注Ҽ要П文本 ӯङ条ў，Օ实现重要ङ提升。需要注意ङ是，这п铸 独单有Ցਙ甚时有，ش量批ф生Ќ৲，זযਭূ常通ў 成就প֜п这，ȕў铸造Ӳे正ȔӱҟдО，ў一ङ խ术技高йً֨。ॉ障ङ高提率սӟ重总 д阻ॉӔ重 既ચ验й用ੴ常ў软拟模，И动活ф生ङৱׂӯ֫١量 。ઋગङ统Ѯॄ۸੧执ӯ顺ਈԴ造铸ґेљ，ઋગङ有 介重व并，ӕ标算ઋङ新п一дખ讨并ॐيћ我И文Ј 绍，平੫дґ温 Շ热性ਈչәѾৈ构ગઋҼ系ङү进 ੭ঢ়系统ङ开Շ。 实验过३


ךثй始段阶验实ङऩ项 ઋગչ算ઋङ用҅Դ钢铸样ડ؟ 方法ङ检验Њ比较，并得ӟ一З ઓ录дЉգ材料（Ѻ合金钢չИ （ت尺、）钢锈Љչ钢锰 合金钢 Ѻй QM，И ਙ QM， ش


Fig. 6. The ETNA test indicates the insulating exothermic behavior for two formulations.


+:4'测ડ Дय़Љգ配方ङ ֣ ґ温 Շ热性ਈ


58 | FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION March 2016


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