Federal Nutrition Programs ..................................................................................... 9 Summary of Federal Nutrition Programs .............................................................14
Postacute Care and Other Settings: Overview of Services Provided in the United States ..............................................................................................................16 Foundations of Culture Change .............................................................................28 Person-First Language Related to Dining ............................................................29 Stage Model of Culture Change .............................................................................30 The Five Rights of Dining ......................................................................................... 32 Examples of Culture Change Implementation ................................................... 32 Steps in Critical Thinking ........................................................................................42 Risk Factors That May Lead to Undernutrition ..................................................43 Formulas for Calculating Energy Needs ...............................................................45 Shortcut Method for Estimating Adult Energy Needs ......................................46 Factors That Can Influence Fluid Intake in Older Adults ..................................46 Factors That May Alter Fluid Requirements ....................................................... 47 Predictive Equations for Estimating Fluid Needs .............................................. 47 Two-Question Food Insecurity Screening Tool ...................................................48 Equations for Estimating Height From Knee Height ......................................... 52 Hamwi Formula to Calculate Ideal Body Weight ...............................................54 Calculating Percentage Weight Loss .................................................................... 55 Moderate vs Severe Weight Loss ........................................................................... 55 Examples of Common Food From Selected Cultures ........................................64 Pressure Injury Staging ........................................................................................... 73 Nutrients That Play a Role in Pressure Injury Prevention and Treatment..... 76 Selected Skin Examination Findings and Potential Etiologies .........................77 Alanine Aminotransferase ......................................................................................84 Aspartate Aminotransferase ..................................................................................86 Blood Urea Nitrogen ................................................................................................86 C-Reactive Protein .................................................................................................... 87 Serum Creatinine...................................................................................................... 87 Folate ..........................................................................................................................88
Diagnostic Criteria for Prediabetes and Diabetes from the American Diabetes Association ...............................................................................................88 Glucose, Blood ..........................................................................................................89 Glycated Hemoglobin ..............................................................................................89 Hematocrit ................................................................................................................89 Hemoglobin ...............................................................................................................90 Mean Corpuscular Volume .....................................................................................90