Misiorski and Rader developed the Continuum of Person-Directed Culture in 2005, illustrating the degree of change from physician-directed care through the continuum to person-directed care. This continuum focuses on the person or persons in charge of decision-making and delineates examples of specific practices (eg, care assignments, dining, bathing, moving in, nighttime assistance, medication administration, and handling of death) throughout culture change. The Pioneer Network added another stage to the continuum: citizenship. The five phases are summarized in Figure 3.2.26
Culture Change in Food
Service Culture change affects all aspects of the physical facility, including staffing, medication administra- tion, activities of daily living, schedules, and dining practices. This section focuses on culture change and the dining experience, during which the resident is allowed to make choices of when, where, and how to eat and the facility and staff organize around the resident’s preferences.
Facilities should consider the resident’s Five Rights of Dining (outlined in Box 3.4 on page 32) when moving toward person-driven care.27
Figure 3.2 Continuum of person-directed culture26
Reproduced with permission from Pioneer Network. Continuum of Person Directed Culture. 2022. Accessed January 10, 2023. www. pioneernetwork . net / culture - change / continuum - person - directed - culture /