TNB: Are seizures graded, such as mild, moderate to severe? Dr. Wong: “Seizures are classified as generalized or focal.
A generalized seizure usually involves the whole body. The dog may become restless prior to the seizure. Most dogs stiff- en, then lay or fall on their side. Many dogs paddle their legs, as if running on their side. Some dogs urinate, defecate and/or salivate during a seizure. A focal seizure is when only part of the body is affected
(such as the muscles of the face, or one leg). Many dogs remain conscious during focal seizures, but have a decreased level of consciousness.” TNB: When does a canine seizure become an emergency? Dr. Wong: “The first seizure is typically an emergency.
However, you should call your veterinarian immediately under the following circumstances: 1. The seizure itself lasts longer than three-four minutes. 2. There are more than two seizures in a 24-hour period. 3. Seizures occur one right after another without the pet returning to normal between each one.” TNB: If a dog has one seizure, does it mean they could have more or is this an isolated event? Dr. Wong: “This depends on the underlying cause of the
seizure. For example, a dog that ingested a toxin will most likely never have a seizure again as long as they do not ingest that toxin again. However, most dogs with seizures will con- tinue to have seizures. Finding the underlying cause of the seizures will help predict whether they will recur and provide a basis for optimal treatment.” TNB: Do certain dog breeds tend to have seizures more than others? Dr. Wong: “Any dog can have seizures, but certain breeds
are predisposed. Toy breed dogs are more likely to develop low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) than larger breeds. Similarly, Yorkshire terriers and other small breeds are over represent- ed for liver problems. Certain breeds are more likely to devel- op intracranial problems. Yorkies, Maltese and other terriers seem to develop encephalitis more frequently than other breeds. Idiopathic epilepsy can affect any breed, but Cocker Spaniels, German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers and others are commonly diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy.” TNB: Can certain dog foods or treats cause canine seizure? Dr. Wong: “Not typically.” TNB: Do dogs ever die directly because of having a seizure? Dr. Wong: “It is very uncommon. It is fine to go back to
your normal routine the next day if your dog did not have multiple seizures.” TNB: Do dogs suffer brain damage after having a seizure? Dr. Wong: “This is a question that I am frequently asked.
Most seizures are self-limiting and do not cause permanent brain damage. Dogs with seizures that are not treated may develop more frequent or more severe seizures. Dogs that have long, severe seizures can experience complications. This is why we recommend calling your veterinarian if the seizure lasts longer than three-four minutes or if there are multiple seizures in a 24-hour period.” TNB: Any final thoughts or recommendations for our readers? Dr. Wong: “Ask questions. Learn as much as you can
about seizures from your veterinarian or a specialist. gMore...
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