A boy or girl who wanted to become a monk or a nun joined one of the orders as a novice. They learned the Rule of St Benedict and helped with work in the monastery or convent. If the abbot (head of the monastery) or abbess was satisfied with their progress, he became a monk/she became a nun.
Monks and nuns took three vows: ● Poverty – that they would give up all possessions. ● Chastity – that they would not marry or have children. ● Obedience – that they would obey the orders of their abbots or abbesses.
As part of the ceremony on becoming a monk, the novice had part of his head shaved in a tonsure.
The monastery building
The layout, or plan, of medieval monasteries was different from that of monasteries in Early Christian Ireland (see pp. 47–48).
The main buildings of the monastery were: ● The church, which faced east-west and was used for masses and ceremonies. ● The cloisters, a covered walkway around a garden, where monks prayed. ● The refectory or dining room. ● The infirmary where the sick were treated. ● The dormitory where monks slept. ● The scriptorium where manuscripts were copied and illustrated.
There were also vegetable and fruit gardens, fields and a millhouse for grinding corn.