As the Russians advanced from the east and the Americans and British from the west, Hitler was trapped in his bunker in Berlin. ● He and his wife, Eva Braun, and close followers, including Goebbels, took their own lives in April 1945.
Early the next month Germany surrendered unconditionally. The war in Europe was over and VE (Victory in Europe) Day was celebrated on 8 May 1945.
Assessing Your Learning
1. What Allied countries advanced against Germany from (i) the south and (ii) the east?
2. Who won the Battle of Kursk?
3. What did the Soviet Army do during the Warsaw Uprising?
4. What was Operation Overlord?
5. Who commanded the Allied invasion force for D-Day?
6. Name two of the code names for the landing beaches for the Allied invasion.
7. What were (i) mulberry piers and (ii) Pluto? 8. How did Hitler die?
The War in the Far East Japanese Expansion 1941–42
Major battle Maximum extent of Japanese conquests
C H I N A JAPAN
MIDWAY ISLANDS
INDIA BURMA
December 1941: British battleship Prince of Wales and battle cruiser Repulse sunk by Japanese bombers
HONG KONG
PHILIPPINES GUAM MALAYA BORNEO SINGAPORE SUMATRA JAVA Darwin A U S T R A L I A
February 1942: Singapore surrenders to Japanese
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Bombed by Japanese February 1942
Write a chronological account of the areas that the Japanese conquered.
GUINEA PACIFIC OCEAN NEW
MARSHALL ISLANDS
WAKE ISLAND
Pearl Harbor
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
December 1941: US Naval base of Pearl Harbour attacked by aircraft from Japanese carriers
Celebrating VE Day in London
After D-Day, the Allied armies landed more troops and supplies on the Normandy coast
Key Words Atomic bomb
Japan had been at war off-and-on since it invaded Manchuria in 1931. Japan invaded the rest of China in 1937. Then in 1941, Japan invaded Indo- China and prepared to attack the East Indies and the Philippine Islands.