CONQUEST AND COLONISATION IN THE AGE OF EXPLORATION
7
Brazil declared independent of Portugal
1822
Spain sold Philippine Islands to USA for $20 million
1898
1809
Independence movements began in South America, which led to countries becoming independent of Spain
2 Impact on Portugal
Portugal also prospered from its empire. Many fine buildings were erected in the country. However, much of the power and wealth in Portugal was in the hands of a small ruling class.
Thousands of Portuguese were attracted to settle in Brazil, and Portuguese emigration to Brazil continued until a few decades ago.
Commemoration and celebration
The Portuguese commemorate the Age of Exploration in their National Day on 10 June each year by celebrating with Portuguese communities around the world. l In Lisbon, one of Portugal’s most important and popular monuments is the Monument of the Discoveries, which celebrates the Age of Exploration.
Pepper
1875
Slavery banned in Portuguese empire
1970s
Portuguese-controlled countries in Africa gained independence
The Monument of the Discoveries celebrates Portugal’s Age of Exploration. It is situated at the port of Belém, Lisbon, from where Portugal’s ships left on their voyages of discovery.
New foods brought to Europe from America in the Age of Exploration. These varied the diet of Europeans.
Chocolate Turkey Pineapple Maize Tea Did You Know? Sugar Tomatoes Potatoes Assessing Your Learning
1. List two ways conquest and colonisation impacted on Spain. 2. List two ways conquest and colonisation impacted on Portugal.
Coffee
The city of Genoa – Columbus’s home city – presented a Columbus memorial to Galway city to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Columbus’s voyage to the New World in 1992, and also to recognise Columbus’s visit to Galway around 1477. Over 70 per cent of people voted in an opinion poll in 2020 to retain the memorial.