PATTERNS OF CHANGE – HEALTH AND MEDICINE


29 New Public Health Acts sewers


Better housing conditions


Factors that improved public health


Street cleaning Slum clearance Assessing Your Learning


1. What was miasma theory? 2. Who proved that germs cause disease? 3. What was pasteurisation? 4. Who linked bacteria to certain diseases?


5. Name one medical instrument invented in the 19th century to help diagnose sickness.


6. Who developed the first vaccine? 7. Who wrote Notes on Nursing? 8. How were hospitals improved in the 19th century? 9. What was the main role of women in medicine in the 19th century?


10. What anaesthetic was used by James Simpson? 11. What did Joseph Lister contribute to health and medicine? 12. Name one disease that caused epidemics in Britain in the 19th century. 13. How did the Public Health Act contribute to better health?


4. Health and Medicine in the Modern World


There were very significant discoveries in health and medicine in the modern world which added to developments in the 19th century. ● These discoveries have increased the life expectancy of men and women by many years.


The average life expectancy has increased during the 20th century mainly because child mortality (death of children under five) has been reduced dramatically. Prior to this the most dangerous time for anybody was in the first year of life as children died from many curable diseases.


Illustrate patterns of change in health and medicine in the modern world


Key Words Child mortality Antibiotic Pandemic


Beveridge Report


Life expectancy was also extended by medical advances that have cured and controlled many diseases to allow people to live longer.


Compulsory vaccination against smallpox


Flush toilets


471


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