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8


EFFICIENCY IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 8.1 Vocabulary synonyms • nouns from verbs • paraphrasing


A Look at the pictures opposite. 1 Match pictures A–G with the appropriate labels 1–7.


2 What functions do the items in pictures A–F perform in the FuTek system in diagram G?


B Discuss the following questions. 1 What is meant by efficiency in computer systems?


2 What can be used to measure the efficiency of the items in box a?


C Look up each noun in box b in a dictionary. 1 Is it countable, uncountable or both?


2 What is its meaning in ICT? 3 What is a good synonym? 4 What useful grammatical information can you find?


D Study the two lists of verbs in box c. 1 Match the verbs with similar meanings.


2 Make nouns from the verbs if possible. E Look at the Hadford University handout.


1 How does the writer restate each section heading in the paragraph?


2 Find synonyms for the blue words and phrases. Use a dictionary if necessary.


3 Rewrite each sentence to make paraphrases of the texts. Use: ●





● ●


synonyms you have found yourself synonyms from Exercise C


● the nouns you made in Exercise D passives where possible


any other words that are necessary Example:


Centralizing data-processing operations can play a role in developing efficient systems.


ËThe centralization of data-processing operations can contribute to greater efficiency in a computer system.


F Study the pictures of the computer system on the opposite page again.


1 What changes might improve the performance of the system?


2 What possible problems might result from these changes?


62


Efficiency in systems development A Data centre migration


Moving processing and storage operations to a centralized location can play a role in developing efficient systems. For example, by using multiple servers clustered together on one site, and software to distribute the processing load across them, higher utilization levels can be obtained. This drives down the cost of hardware, so systems using data centres can deliver services more cheaply.


B Capacity utilization We can measure how well a system is using its resources (i.e., processor, memory) like this: actual usage divided by maximum potential usage times 100. All designers try to lower the cost of processing in a system. One way to do this is to use efficient software to minimize the amount of spare capacity.


c a


interface network processors software storage support


b


cost data centre function migration outage processor task utilization


1


cluster consume convert disrupt distribute drive down ensure


incorporate mask


measure play a role in 2


interrupt guarantee contribute (to) reduce include group transform balance, share assess use hide


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