TRANSCRIPTS
Now … oh dear, I was going to mention the advantages and disadvantages of these models, but … ah … I see that time is moving on. So instead, I’m going to …
Unit 7, Lesson 3, Exercise A≤2.1 1 'concept 2 de'pendent 3 'spiral 4 'increment 5 documen'tation 6 'prototype 7 re'quirements 8 'features 9 re'sources
10 pro'prietary 11 specifi'cation 12 functio'nality
Unit 7, Lesson 3, Exercise B≤2.2
Part 5 I’m going to finish with some comments on the planning of software production – in other words, scheduling as a part of project management.
Now, the fact of the matter is, it’s a highly complex task to plan software production. The reason for this is that planning decisions are based on a wide variety of different factors – not to mention the fact that some of these factors are totally outside the control of the developer. Let’s take clients: a change in the client’s company can cause a change in the software requirements, which of course the developer can’t control. Plus there’s the fact that the development model used for the software affects the way in which production can proceed, as we’ve just seen.
OK. Where was I? Oh, yes … So scheduling means working out what the different processes are, when they start, when they finish, et cetera, in relation to other processes. You’ve probably heard about Gantt charts? It was Henry Gantt who came up with a very simple idea to help with scheduling – the Gantt chart. Many organizations use Gantt charts to help with organizing and planning these types of software development projects. The advantage of Gantt charts is that they show what processes are happening at any one time. In a project which is
based on the waterfall model, for example, work which is not ready in time can cause a delay in the start of the next phase. So, although it was in the early 1900s that Gantt invented his charts, they are still very much used today.
To sum up, then, production must be carefully planned. Let me put it another way … Planning must take into account the necessary processes and variables if the company is to succeed. Remember, poor planning causes project failure.
Oh, I almost forgot to mention your research topics. OK, what’s very important in software development is the issue of whether software is open or closed source. So I’d like you to find out what are the main advantages and disadvantages of open source software.
Unit 7, Lesson 4, Exercise B≤2.3
Extract 1 Now, as we know, the decision to make the source code of their products openly available is one of the most important decisions that software companies have to make. I asked you to look at the case of Netscape, a company which made the first successful Internet browser. Why did they do this? The product was very successful, and though it was free to individual users, it was generating a large amount of money from corporate customers. Also, there were many risks related to the decision. So, let’s have some views.
Unit 7, Lesson 4, Exercise C≤2.4
Extract 2 JACK: Well. I’d like to make two points. First, moving to open source was a move to defend their product.
LEILA: Can you expand on that, Jack?
JACK: Sure, Leila. Netscape was beginning to lose market share to Internet Explorer, at least partly because it was losing its technical advantage.
LEILA: So?
JACK: So the point is that by making their product open source, Netscape could include code which had been written for other open source projects. This would improve the product technically and would help them regain their technical advantage. So the point is that Netscape gained a huge advantage by making their product open source. Using code already written for other open source
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