TRANSCRIPTS
failure. In fact, as Dix points out in Human computer interaction, one of your core texts – the 3rd edition, which was published in 2006, we can only rely on system logs to tell us what has happened, not necessarily why it has happened.
Extract 4
OK, so now we can see that these three different testing methods gather data on the usability of an interface, without actually asking users for information … However, while behaviour-based data is valuable, it must not be the only way of gathering usability information. To quote Dix, from the same text as before, “analytic and informal techniques can and should be used”.
Unit 9, Lesson 4, Exercise C≤2.11
Extract 1 It seems quite clear that computer-based methods can contribute a lot when evaluating the usability of an interface. From the point of view of system logging for example, there are three key points: firstly, it records users’ actual behaviour, rather than what they think happened; secondly it can be used with many users at very little extra cost; and thirdly, pretty important this …
Extract 2
Erm, I think one big difference is the human sciences approach. This is very important. It is possible, we can see, how this is very important. So let’s look at the slide and … oh sorry, that’s the wrong slide, just a minute … right, so here is a difference between computer and human … er you can see I think, this difference … do you have any questions about this slide? …
Extract 3
We could ask the question: why would we want to use a psychologist? Usually this is very expensive, but it’s necessary because a psychologist can help to provide a view of how the user will use the interface. In addition, a psychologist is also very important because they can show where the attention of a user will be directed in the interface.
Extract 4
So the main difference between the methods is the data. The human sciences-based methods provide us with data which is based on what the user thinks is happening. The computer-based methods can provide us with actual data on how the user is interacting with the system. This
difference shows us one of the main advantages of computer-based methods, although they are not enough on their own. In fact, if we look at the chart I’ve prepared here, we can see how the various methods relate to each other. For example, we can see that system logging can be used along with thinking aloud. This provides data on what the user is actually doing with the system …
Unit 11, Lesson 1, Exercise E≤2.12
Computer ethics Computers play an increasingly important role in our society. One result of this is that decisions made by computer professionals have an impact on a growing number of people. Moreover, IT contractors need to balance their clients’ demands with their obligations to society. In addition to ethical reasons for this, there are also practical reasons why this is necessary.
Firstly, errors in the design or construction of IT systems can have profound economic or human consequences. For example, Bynum, 2004, refers to a chemical company, Chemco, where faulty computer system design was responsible for an explosion which resulted in significant loss of life and widespread environmental contamination. Because the system design was flawed, the designer’s professional reputation was at risk. Furthermore, if found responsible for the death and destruction because of negligence, he faced a large fine or imprisonment. This example of a failure in standards illustrates the importance of making decisions based on sound principles which can be justified.
Secondly, a conflict of opinion can arise between
a computer professional and his or her employer. The employee may have a disagreement about whether his or her work is being put to beneficial or harmful uses. One example of this could be the construction, maintenance or operation of systems for surveillance or censorship. So it is important that professionals understand the ethical issues before entering into contracts.
Unit 11, Lesson 2, Exercise B≤2.13
Part 1 Good morning. My name is Dr William Mitchell and much of my work relates to computer ethics and professional responsibility. I am here today to give you an overview of issues you need to be aware of when making decisions in a
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