page advertising a new product, or the information that is stored in your car’s GPS system that gives you directions and tells you when you’ve gone the wrong way.
Now, let’s turn to communication. Communication means sharing information with others. So how does ICT help us do this? Well, there’s a whole range of ways that many of us take for granted now. Some methods involve ‘real-time’ communication such as telephones, mobile phones, teleconferencing, and Internet chat programs. Non real-time communication methods include fax, e-mail or voice mail.
So ICT is about using technology to input, store, process and produce information, and about communicating this information to others.
Unit 1, Lesson 3, Exercise E ≤1.5
Introduction 1 In today’s session, we’re going to look at ICT in business. We will be looking at a car manufacturing company and discussing four areas of business: administration, finance, research and development, and operations, to see what happens in each area and how ICT supports workers in these areas.
Introduction 2
In this lecture, we’re going to look at computer bugs. In general English, a bug is a very small insect, and there’s a popular story that the first time the term was used in connection with computers was in 1945, when a small insect crawled into a computer, causing it to fail. Today, when we talk about computer bugs, we don’t mean insects; we mean a flaw or fault in a computer program. I'm going to look at the causes of computer bugs and the effects.
Introduction 3
OK. Are we all ready? Right, I'll begin. Today’s topic is the information systems life cycle. Systems development projects usually involve a number of people, often working in different locations. For a project to succeed, the goals and the procedures needed to achieve those goals need to be understood. There are many different development processes. Today we’re going to look at the five stages that make up the waterfall model.
Introduction 4
The Internet, as we know it today, is a global computer network which connects millions of people around the world. This week, I'm going to talk about the origins of the Internet. Who were the pioneers? When did it all begin? We could say that it really began in the early 1990s, when Tim Berners-Lee developed the concept of the world wide web. But, in reality, it started in 1957, with the launch of Sputnik 1.
Introduction 5
The subject of today’s lecture is CMC, computer- mediated communication. We’ll begin by looking at one particular form of CMC, electronic mail, or e-mail as it is more commonly called. In next week’s session, we’ll see how e-mail works, but today we’ll look at what we mean by e-mail and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of e-mail as a form of communication.
Unit 1, Lesson 4, Exercise D Lecture 1
≤1.6
By administration, we mean the arrangements and tasks that secure the day-to-day running of the company. This may include hiring and firing people, drawing up contracts for workers, making sure that the company follows health and safety regulations, arranging meetings, and organizing training courses. So, what role does ICT play in this? Well, companies may use the Internet to advertise for new staff, databases to store staff records, word-processing and desktop publishing packages to draw up company documentation, e-mail to communicate with employees, or an intranet to set up online training.
ICT is also used to manage the company’s finances. There are software packages to deal with payments and ensure that staff and suppliers get paid on time. These, combined with computerized banking, are a much faster way of handling payments than writing individual cheques. Specialized software is also used to monitor money coming in and going out and to analyze data that helps with decision-making.
In order for a car company to succeed, it must be able to keep providing products that customers want to buy, which means investing in researching and developing new ideas. Computer-assisted design – CAD – packages are used to produce new ideas and draw up plans for production. In some industries, simulators may be used to try out new ideas or to test a prototype product.
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