Angelone et al.—A new endemic leporid from the early Pleistocene of Sardinia
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Figure 1. Geographical location of Monte Tuttavista and age span of Sardolagus obscurus n. gen. n. sp. Legend of lithology: (1) Quaternary deposits; (2) Pliocene within-plate basalts; (3) Permian to early Eocene volcano-sedimentary rocks; (4) late Variscan magmatic complex; (5) Variscan metamorphic basement (modified from Carmignani et al., 2016).
indicating the number of evolutionary steps. The quantification of P2 complexity is given by the sum of nominal values of assigned LL- and BMR-morphotypes. Drawings and measure- ments of teeth were made using a camera lucida and an ocular micrometer on a binocular microscope. Measurements of cranial and postcranial elements were made using a digital caliper (error: 0.05 mm). All length dimensions are given in millimeters (mm) and weight estimates in grams (g). We reserve the formal term ‘crown Leporinae’ for the group of extant hares and rabbits; the formal term ‘Leporinae’, or informally ‘leporines’, for the leporid group, including Alilepus Dice, 1931 and pre- sumed descendants; and fossil genera closely related to that radiation are ‘stem Leporidae’ or informally ‘modern leporids’ (Flynn et al., 2014; Čermák et al., 2015). For geologically older genera distantly related to the modern radiation, we informally use the term ‘leporid,’ or simply ‘lagomorph.’ Biostratigraphic terminology follows Palombo (2009). All nomenclatural acts presented here conform to the mandatory provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999). Country abbreviations follow ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes. Weanalyzed samples from Monte Tuttavista fissure fillings
VIIbs, X4, and part of the material from IVm. Because our preliminary analyses did not show taxonomic differences between the leporid samples extracted from different karst fis- sures, we analyzed the material in its entirety. For taxonomic considerations, we used dental and cranial material; for BM estimation the postcranial one. We followed the methodology for BM estimation described and illustrated by Moncunill-Solé et al. (2015, fig. 1). Due to the poor number of postcranial specimens, only the following measurements were taken on this new species of leporid: femur length, proximal femoral
transversal diameter, distal femoral anteroposterior diameter, distal femoral transversal diameter, distal humeral anteroposterior diameter, distal humeral transversal diameter, proximal tibia anteroposterior diameter, proximal tibia transversal diameter, and distal tibia transversal diameter. Once the BM was obtained for each specimen, we calculated an arithmetic mean and aconfidence interval for each specific measurement. Finally, we performed an arithmetic average to estimate the weight of the species.
Repositories and taxa under comparison.—The material is curated in the Laboratorio di Paleontologia, Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre (Italy). The interspecific com- parisons were made with the following taxa, based on original material (indicated by “*”) or on a bibliographical basis (unless otherwise stated, data were taken from the original descriptions of species):
*Alilepus laskarewi (Khomenko, 1914) from Tarakliya (type locality) (MD), Chimishliya (MD), and Egorovka 2 (UA)— late Miocene (middle Turolian, MN 12); collections: National Museum of Natural History, V. Topachevsky Paleontological Museum (Kiev); Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Paleontological Museum; National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History (Kishinev).
Alilepus turolensis López Martínez, 1977 from El Arquillo (type locality) (ES)—late Miocene (late Turolian, MN13).
*Alilepus meini Angelone and Rook, 2011 from Ribardella (type locality) (I)—late Miocene (late Turolian, MN13); collections: “Museo di Storia Naturale“ (Geology and Palaeontology Section) at the University of Florence.
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