Journal of Paleontology, 92(3), 2018, p. 459–465 Copyright © 2018, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/18/0088-0906 doi: 10.1017/jpa.2018.5


A remarkable new genus and species of the planktonic shrimp family Luciferidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian) of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, Brazil


Antônio Álamo Feitosa Saraiva,1,2 Allysson Pontes Pinheiro,1,3 and William Santana1*


1Universidade do Sagrado Coração—USC, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Rua Irmã Arminda, 10-50, Jd. Brazil, 17011-160, Bauru, SP, Brazil. ⟨willsantana@gmail.com⟩ 2Laboratório de Paleontologia daURCA(LPU), Universidade Regional do Cariri—URCA, 63100-000 Crato CE, Brazil. ⟨alamocariri@yahoo.com.br⟩ 3Laboratório de Crustáceos do Semiárido (LACRUSE), Universidade Regional do Cariri—URCA, 63100-000 Crato CE, Brazil. ⟨allysson. pinheiro@urca.br⟩


Abstract.—A new genus and species of the planktonic shrimp family Luciferidae, Sume marcosi n. gen. n. sp., is described and illustrated from material collected in calcareous shale of the late Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. The material is very well preserved, including the antennae, stalked eyes, second and third maxillipeds, pleopods, and uropods, and represents the first described fossil of the family Luciferidae.


UUID: http://zoobank.org/fdf825b8-6fe9-42ae-8fc7-73c220eec03a Introduction


Organisms living in the water column without the capacity to actively swim against the current are generally referred to as plankton. Arthropods are the most diverse group in the plankton, representing 50–70% of the total species diversity, however, despite their abundance in Recent ecosystems, planktonic arthropod species are very rare in the fossil record (Perrier et al., 2015). Crustaceans are by far the most abundant arthropod group in the plankton, but as in arthropods in general, the fossil record of crustaceans is very sparse and is restricted to a few groups (see Haug and Haug, 2017). Postmortem transport and morphological adaptations, such as the reduction of skeletal material, can be responsible for the reduced fossilization potential of these groups (Rigby and Milsom, 2000). The Araripe sedimentary basin in the northern region of


Brazil has an exceptionally well-preserved fossil record of several groups, including insects, plants, fishes, and several tetrapod groups (e.g.,Maisey, 1991; Lima et al., 2012; Bantimet al., 2015; Oliveira and Kellner, 2017). Ongoing studies have revealed an increasing number of crustacean species—mostly shrimps—in this basin (Martins-Neto and Mezzalira, 1991; Maisey and Carvalho, 1995; Saraiva et al., 2009; Santana et al., 2013; Pinheiro et al., 2014). Until now, two malacostracan planktonic species have been found in this basin: a zoea (Maisey andCarvalho, 1995) and the sergestid Paleomattea deliciosa Maisey and Carvalho, 1995 (Saraiva et al., 2009; Luque, 2015).


* Corresponding author. Luciferidae is an extant family of planktonic shrimps with


unusual morphology, such as reduced appendages and branchia, a compressed body, and a unique copulatory organ (Vereshchaka et al., 2016). Luciferids are pelagic and com- monly found in coastal areas, where they are an important component of the diet for several groups, including fishes (e.g., Sedberry and Cuellar, 1993; Martins et al., 2005) and whale sharks (e.g., Rohner et al., 2015). Until recently, this family was considered monotypic with Lucifer Thompson, 1829 as the only genus. However, a revision included the new genus Belzebub Vereshchaka, Olesen, and Lunina, 2016 in the family (Vereshchaka et al., 2016). Here, we describe and illustrate a new genus and species of Luciferidae, namely Sume marcosi n. gen. n. sp., from the Araripe Basin, a remarkable first fossil species of the family.


Geological setting


The Araripe Basin is located in the northeast region of Brazil and includes areas of three different states of the Brazilian Federation: southwestern Ceará, northwestern Pernambuco, and eastern Piauí. It is an area of ~12,000km2 and is the largest intratectonic basin in Brazil. Under the Chapada do Araripe, we found a stratigraphic sequence of ~1,000m with pre-rift, sin-rift, and post-rift phases, including nine geological forma- tions. These deposits are Devonian, Jurassic, and Cretaceous (Saraiva et al., 2007). Among the Cretaceous deposits, the Santana Group is a depositional sequence associated with the South Atlantic opening. This sequence comprises the Barbalha, Crato, Ipubi, and Romualdo formations (Assine et al., 2014).


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