Cole et al.—New crinoids from the Middle and Upper Ordovician, Spain


possesses all the diagnostic features of Anthracocrinidae, family reassignment of the genus may be in order, but this is beyond the scope of this study. Morphological characters shared by Goyacrinus and Cotylacrinna include grouping of the arms, differentiation of the posterior interray, presence of an anal series and ridge, and unbranched arms. Goyacrinus differs from Cotylacrinna on the basis of its low bowl-shaped calyx, no lobation of the calyx at the arm bases, heavy median ray ridges, two secundibrachials, fixed intrabrachial plates between secundibrachials of adjacent half rays, no fixed pinnules, and wedge biserial brachials in mature arms. By contrast, Cotylacrinna has a globose calyx, lobate arm bases, weak median ray ridges, four secundibrachials, no intrabrachial plates, fixed pinnules, and flat chisel biserial brachials in mature arms.


Goyacrinus gutierrezi new species Figures 3.9, 3.10, 4.3


Holotype.—The holotype, MPZ2016/99, is the only known specimen of this species.


Diagnosis.—Anthracocrinid with low bowl-shaped calyx; prominent median ray ridges; infrabasals confined to basal concavity; regular interray plating in biseries; P-3 plating in proximal CD interray; anitaxis plating with anitaxial ridge; 20 free arms; arms unbranched; brachials cuneate biserial.


Occurrence.—Fombuena Formation, Huerva Member, upper middle Berounian (lower Katian, Upper Ordovician), near Fombuena (Zaragoza province), Spain; Locality 1.


Description.—Calyx low bowl shaped, wider than high; plates


ornamented with thick, irregular stellate ridges; plate sutures flush with plate surface; median ray ridges heavy; basal con- cavity lacking any surrounding rim. Infrabasal plates likely five, completely hidden in basal


concavity. Basal circlet forming rim of basal concavity, partially visible in side view; basal plates five, quadrangular, tapering distally, wider than high. Radial circlet interrupted in all rays; radial plates five,


pentagonal, wider than high, slightly larger than basals, largest plates in calyx. Regular interrays in contact with tegmen, not depressed,


interrupting the radial circlet in all rays. First row of interradial plates only partially visible, likely one plate in first row; four higher rows with two plates each, forming a biseries. CD interray wider than other interrays, in contact with


tegmen; primanal small, septagonal, approximately as high as wide; second row with three plates; proximal plating 1-3-3-3; faint anitaxial ridge along medial column of plates. First primibrachial fixed, rectangular, wider than high;


second primibrachial axillary, pentagonal. Secundibrachials two, fixed, second axillary; distal-most fixed brachial first tertibrachial. Single intrabrachial plate between secundibra- chials in adjacent half rays. Arm openings 20, grouped in each ray; free arms unbranched. Brachials proximally rectilinear uniserial


725


transitioning to wedge biserial in mature arms. Pinnules on every free brachial, beginning on the second tertibrachial, first pinnule enlarged. Tegmen unknown. Position and nature of anal opening


unknown.


Proximal stem circular, heteromorphic, holomeric, N3231323; lumen, distal stem, and holdfast unknown.


Etymology.—Gutierrezi, in recognition of Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco, who has greatly contributed to understanding of the Ordovician of the Iberian Chains and did pioneering work on echinoderms from the Fombuena Formation (Gutiérrez- Marco et al., 1996).


Measurements.—Holotype measurements are given in Table 2. Genus Dalicrinus new genus


Type species.—Dalicrinus hammanni new species, by monotypy.


Diagnosis.—As for the species, by monotypy.


Etymology.—Dalicrinus, in recognition of the Spanish surrealist painter, Salvador Dalí, with reference to the irregular plating of the interradial areas.


Remarks.—Dalicrinus is assigned to the Anthracocrinidae on the basis of its basal concavity including infrabasals and partial basals, prominent median ray ridges, fixed brachials bifurcating twice within the calyx, 20 free arm openings, and fixed pinnules. Dalicrinus differs from most anthracocrinids in that the interrays are composed of numerous (>20), irregular plates that vary in both size and organization within interrays. Other anthracocrinid genera typically have interrays made up of fewer (≤10) regularly organized plates. Of taxa currently assigned to Anthracocrinidae, Dalicrinus


is most similar to Gustabilicrinus Guensburg, 1984 as both taxa have medium bowl-shaped calyces, infrabasals confined to the basal concavity, intrabrachials between fixed brachials of adjacent half rays and quarter rays, and fixed pinnules on the lateral margins of half rays. Dalicrinus differs from Gustabilicrinus in its prominent ray ridges, numerous interradial plates with irregular plating, and grouped, biserial arms. By contrast, Gustabilicrinus lacks distinct ray ridges, has few (<10) interray plates with regular plating, and has ungrouped, uniserial arms. Dalicrinus also shares many morphological similarities with Rheocrinus Haugh, 1979. Both taxa have bowl-shaped aboral cups, infrabasals restricted to the basal concavity, fixed pinnules, and biserial arms. In addition, the interray plating of Rheocrinus is irregular in distal ranges, but interray plates are not as variable in size or organization as those of Dalicrinus. Dalicrinus primarily differs from Rheocrinus in its distinct ray ridges, large number of interradial plates (>20), and the presence of intrabrachial plates between adjacent half rays and quarter rays. By contrast, Rheocrinus has faint ray ridges, interrays with few (<10) interradial plates, and no intrabrachial plates.


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