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To remain successful, every fi rm must embrace every advancement that matches its needs


Advanced versus Smart Manufacturing in Aerospace and Defense


M


anufacturing is messy. Not sure who said this recently, but it really stuck. It’s messy because it is hard, complex, and achieving order from the chaos


is diffi cult work. Why is this relevant to aerospace and defense manu- facturing? All you have to do is think about the A&D “digital thread/tapestry/twin” challenges and benefi ts due to product and process complexities. Product design-devel- opment-manufacturing programs can last longer than a decade. Costs can sometimes exceed billions of dollars. Products can remain in service for half a century. And, the regulatory/ oversight hurdles are so burdensome as to scare away even the most tenacious of competitors. How best to cope?


When did you fi rst hear the term


“Advanced Manufacturing” (AM)? Possibly some historical discussion dating all the way back to Henry Ford’s fi rst mov- ing assembly line in 1913? But, I bet most of us have heard this term most often mentioned in a somewhat defensive context relative to the declining manufacturing workforce over the past 30+ years. From a US-based perspective, AM in some circles simply meant any company that was able to successfully fend off the inevitable off-shoring pressures by leverag- ing a mix of technological superiority (product and/or process), superior leadership, and workforce competency attributes. A cynical view was one that said any manufac- turing company that was able to survive, let alone thrive, during the recent past must be advanced. Others wanted to defi ne it only in the context of green manufacturing, Silicon Valley-derived technologies, manufacturing of complex systems, or something that complemented the move to a more service-based economy. Others felt it must be only associated with products other than high labor content or low-value commodities.


Parker Sykes


Consultant Representing SME


I’d like to think that the AM term could be applied to any manufacturing company that consistently, and continuously invested in its products, processes, facilities, services, and its workforce so as to be extremely capable and competitive on the world stage, no matter what their product/service. Some might even argue that A&D manufacturers (including supply chain), must be advanced by defi nition. Now, we are now entering the smart manufacturing (SM) era. Some are still debating the defi nition of smart manufacturing. It’s not really one thing, and it is continually evolv- ing. At the core though, SM capa- bilities will provide more seamless, timely, relevant and refi ned decision making and problem solving by enabling free-fl owing actionable data and information across all of the hu- man and technology boundaries in a


manufacturing enterprise (including the extended supply chain). Smart manufacturing may encompass, but is not limited to:


t Internet of Things (IoT) t Industry 4.0 (4th industrial revolution-European view) t Virtual product and process manufacturing t Digital manufacturing/digital design t Smart-intelligent machines t Smart workers t Intelligence-enabled manufacturing decision systems t Fully visualized manufacturing t Open sourced-cloud based-“app store” smart capabilities t Industrial internet t Big data analytics t Real-time manufacturing modeling and simulation t Interoperable-transparent platforms t Cyber-physical systems t Mobile computing applications t Artifi cial intelligence (AI) manufacturing technologies t Predictive analytics t Machine learning/deep learning applied to manufacturing


134 — Aerospace & Defense Manufacturing 2016


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