Figure 3.2: The impact of drivers of environmental change on cities and human well-being
Geo Cities Ch 3, Fig. 3.2: Drivers of Environmental Change Geo Cities Ch 3, Fig. 3.2: Drivers of Environmental Change
Human Needs Human Needs
Drivers Drivers
Response Actions and Policies
Response
Actions and Policies
Pressures Root Causes
Pressures Root Causes
Condition or Quality Condition or Quality
Activities/Products of Activities
Activities/Products of Activities
State State
Drivers of Environmental Change Drivers of Environmental Change
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Habitat destruction and degration Competition over resources and ecosystem services Solid waste and other types of pollution
Population growth Population growth
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Habitat destruction and degration Competition over resources and ecosystem services Solid waste and other types of pollution
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Land use change Air and water pollution Increased resource and transportation demand Solid waste and sewage
Urbanization Urbanization
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Land use change Air and water pollution Increased resource and transportation demand Solid waste and sewage
Economic development Economic development
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Habitat destruction and degradation Competition over resources Solid waste and other types of pollution Loss of ecosystem services
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Increased demand for electronics (rare earths) Disposal of electronic waste Landscape homogenization Electromagnetic pollution
Technology, Innovation and Global Sustainability Technology, Innovation and Global Sustainability
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Increased demand for electronics (rare earths) Disposal of electronic waste Landscape homogenization Electromagnetic pollution
Climate change Climate change
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: More frequent storms, droughts and floods Salt water intrusion
oughts and floods Salt water intrusion Warmer waters, algal blooms armer waters, algal blooms Increased land degradation (erosion) Increased land degradation (erosion)
Note: • Pressures and responses are not presented in this diagram • Key state and trends are presented in the chapter
esponses a e not presented in this diagram • Colored city-level impacts are caused by the interaction of several drivers and pressures
y state and trends are presented in the chapter el impacts ar
46 GEO for Cities y the interaction of several drivers and pressures
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: e frequent st
Goods and Services
Goods and Services
Impact Impact
Impacts at the City Levels Impacts at the City Level
Potential unrest
Health effects for urban dwellers Increased waste and pollution Difficulty to provide services due to rapid growth Urban growth Potential overcrowding Need to provide services to aging population
Potential unrest Health effects for urban dwellers Increased waste and pollution Difficulty to provide services due to rapid growth Urban growth Potential overcrowding Need to provide services to aging population
Potential unrest Land use competition Increased waste and pollution Urban heat island effect Increased vulnerability Higher efficient in resource use Increased competition for ressources (urban-rural interface) Surface sealing Improved delivery for social services
Potential unrest
Examples of impacts on GEO environmental dimension: Habitat destruction and degradation Competition over resources Solid waste and other types of pollution Resource degradation Loss of ecosystem services
Health effects for urban dwellers Increased waste and pollution Land use competition Increased inequality Increased migration
Potential unrest Land use competition Increased waste and pollution Urban heat island effect Increased vulnerability Higher efficient in resource use Increased competition for ressources (urban-rural interface) Surface sealing Improved delivery for social services
Increased marginalization of vulnerable groups Impact on water quantity and quality Changes in living costs
Potential unrest Health effects for urban dwellers Increased waste and pollution Land use competition Increased inequality Increased migration Increased marginalization of vulnerable groups Impact on water quantity and quality Changes in living costs
Difficulty to provide services More efficient and connected services Increased energy efficiency
Increased inequality in accessing technology Increased resource efficiency Potential health impacts (sedentarism) Urban sprawl
Difficulty to provide services More efficient and connected services Increased energy efficiency Increased inequality in accessing technology Increased resource efficiency Potential health impacts (sedentarism) Impact on water quantity and quality Urban sprawl
Urban heat island effect Urban heat island effect
Health and safety effects for urban dwellers otential unrest
Health and safety effects for urban dwellers Potential unrest
Land use competition Land use competition
Damage to housing and infrastructure Migration to cities
Damage to housing and infrastructure Migration to cities
Degraded air and water quality Degraded air and water quality
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