Coal tar, a black, thick, opaque liquid obtained from the distillation of coal
Coal tar
Uses
• Orange-coloured fruit drinks
• Yellow/orange- coloured soft drinks
• Red-coloured soft drinks
• Canned peas Name two types of food additives used in processed fruit/vegetables. (6) OL
Sweeteners (E900–E999)
Functions • Sweeten food, e.g. biscuits • Sweeten specialist foods for consumers with diabetes, e.g. sugar-free chocolate • Intense sweeteners are used to sweeten low-calorie foods, e.g. diet drinks
Sugar cane
Sweeteners (natural) Example Fructose
Origin Table sugar Glucose syrup
Fruit, honey and vegetables Sugar cane and sugar beet Fruit and honey
Sweeteners (artificial) Type
Intense
sweeteners (low in
kilocalories; used in small amounts as they are much sweeter than sugar)
Example Origin
Aspartame Derived by chemically combining two naturally occurring amino acids:
aspartic acid and phenylalanine
Saccharin Coal tar Uses
• Canned vegetables • Biscuits • Sweets
Uses
• Sweetening tablets or powder, e.g. Canderel
Did you know
Aspartame is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar).
