Hendricks—Miocene Conidae from the Gatun Formation of Panama


et al., 2014). Even so, Dauciconus is one of the most important cone snail clades in tropical America and is restricted to the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic. The clade also has a sub- stantial Neogene fossil record in tropical America. For example, Hendricks (2015) assigned six species (one questionably) from the late Miocene and early Pliocene of the Dominican Republic to this subgenus. Additionally, Petuch et al. (2015) assigned 23 Plio-Pleistocene species from southern Florida to the genera Gradiconus da Motta, 1991, Magelliconus da Motta, 1991, Purpuriconus da Motta, 1991, Cariboconus Petuch, 2003, and Dauciconus Cotton, 1945, although Puillandre et al. (2015) considered all of these genus-level groupings to be synonymous with Dauciconus and Hendricks (2009) synonymized many of the taxa that Petuch et al. (2015) accepted as valid. Given that species of Dauciconus are important constituents of other Neogene tropical American deposits, it is somewhat surprising that only one species from the Gatun Formation of Panama can be confidently assigned to this clade: Conus taphrus Woodring, 1970. All Dauciconus are vermivorous (Puillandre et al., 2014) and this feeding ecology is similarly assumed for fossil taxa assigned to this clade.


Conus (Dauciconus) taphrus Woodring, 1970 Figure 9.1–9.9


1970 Conus taphrus Woodring, p. 354, pl. 57, figs. 1, 7. 2009 Gradiconus taphrus; Tucker and Tenorio, p. 97.


Type.—Holotype USNM 645748, Woodring (1970) locality 161d (= USGS locality 8366), Canal Zone, Panama, middle Gatun Formation.


Occurrence.—Previously, Conus taphrus was only known from the holotype specimen, which is from the middle Gatun Formation. Based on its presence at UF locality YN020 and UF locality 5299 (9.35711° N, 79.8387° W (WGS84), Colón Province, Panama), the species also occurs in the lower Gatun Formation. Conus taphrus is not known from beyond the Canal Zone of Panama.


Description.—Note that characteristics and values below are derived from the holotype, specimens from UF locality YN020, and a single specimen from UF locality 5299. Maximumshell size.—Moderately small. The largest nearly


complete specimen (holotype, USNM 645748) has SL 28.1mm, but has a damaged base and was thus slightly longer than this. Last whorl.—Shape conical (RD 0.66–0.69, x=0:68;


PMD0.93, x=0:93;N=2); outline slightly convex on posterior half, slightly concave on anterior half, resulting in sigmoidal


821


Figure 9. Conus (Dauciconus) taphrus Woodring, 1970: (1–5) photographed under regular light; (6–9) photographed under UV light; all specimens are from UF locality YN020 (lower Gatun Formation) unless otherwise indicated. (1–5) USNM 645748, holotype of Conus taphrus, Panama Canal Zone, Woodring locality 161d, middle Gatun Formation, SL 28.1mm, MD 14.9mm; (6, 7) UF 256543, from UF locality 5299 (see text), MD 21.5mm (measured from digital image); (8) UF 271020, MD 17.4mm; (9) UF 224823, SL 26.5mm. Scale bar to the left of (1) equals 10mm and pertains to (1–3, 6–9); scale bars to the right of (4) and (5) equal 10mm and 3mm, respectively, and pertain to those specimens.


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