Baumiller and Fordyce—New genus of feather star from Oligocene of New Zealand
in subsequent publications, including in the one by Gislén (1924) that established the genus Cypelometra with Antedon iheringi de Loriol, 1902 as the type species. We located four specimens of C. iheringi (de Loriol, 1902) in the collections of Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivada- via,’ Buenos Aires (MACN, catalog numbers 4567 [two speci- mens, herein referred to as ‘A’ and ‘B’], 4568, and 4569) collected from the same Patagonian localities as those described by de Loriol (1902). Of these four, only one specimen (MACN 4567 ‘A’) lacks radials, thus exposing the adoral surface of the centrodorsal. MACN 4567 ‘A’ has five cavernous radial pits or impressions, which are separated from each other by tall, narrow ridges that extend interradially from the thin, external wall of the centrodorsal to a small, relatively deep central cavity, as in the specimen figured by de Loriol (1902, fig. 3a). Deep radial pits separated by interradial ridges have been noted in several other feather stars, including Notocrinus (Messing, 2003, fig. 3a), Microcrinus (Ciampaglio and Weaver, 2004, fig. 2b), and Jaekelometra (Messing, 2003, fig. 3b), yet in details they all differ substantially from each other. The presence of deep radial pits in the type species of Cypelometra clearly distinguishes this taxon from the New Zealand specimens whose adoral surface
is “circular, smooth, concave, with five long, wide, convex- floored, smooth, raised margins above reduced V-shaped radial surface” (Eagle, 2007, p. 95–96, fig. 12). Although similar in size, the shapes of the centrodorsals are
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crenelae. Axial canal at center of each socket; oval to slightly bilobate. Peripherally, one to three sockets may converge interradially forming weak to moderate ridge where socket margins touch or overlap. Dorsal star lacking. In profile, interradial corners very prominent with deep
incision of adoral edge of centrodorsal below radials. Adoral outline of centrodorsal pentastellate, with deep
interradial notches and triangular to blunt rectangular interradial projections. Adoral surface slightly concave, with five distinct near-rectangular furrows (~0.6mm long and ~0.1mm wide); furrows slightly narrower where they open into central cavity and taper slightly at interradial corner. No radial pits. Centrodorsal cavity about one-third of centrodorsal diameter. Skeletal elements other than the centrodorsal known with
certainty only from the single intact Waipati specimen of R. aotearoa n. comb., which was examined with a binocular microscope as well as micro-CT; many individual elements free of the matrix were studied with SEM (Fig. 3, Supplemental Data 1, 2, 3). In this specimen, basals are not visible. The radials are short, smooth, with the free surface visible only as an extremely narrow band beyond the centrodorsal margin, though more exposed in interradial angles where radials meet above the basals; their distal margin is concave (Fig. 4.2, 4.4). Subradial cleft is present. No radial articular facets are exposed. All arms are divided at primibrachial 2, secundibrachial 2;
also distinctly different: in profile, those of C. iheringi (de Loriol, 1902) are hemispherical, whereas in the New Zealand specimens they are truncated conical, with a large flat to slightly concave aboral pole. In adoral view, the latter is deeply notched radially, with triangular to blunt rectangular interradial projec- tions, whereas the radial margin of C. iheringi (de Loriol, 1902) is gently curved. Cirrus sockets of C. iheringi (de Loriol, 1902) have smooth margins, whereas in the New Zealand specimens, margins are crenulated.
Rautangaroa aotearoa (Eagle, 2007) Figures 2–5
2007 Cypelometra aotearoa; Eagle, p. 94, figs. 10–12.
Types.—Holotype AU19053 (E868), Ardlogie, South Canterbury, New Zealand.
Paratypes.—Ardlogie, South Canterbury, New Zealand: AK7331, GS 11338, AU19053 (E869), AK73312, GS11156.49, GS11156.69, GS11156.67, GS11156.71, GS11156.18; Haughs’ Quarry, South Canterbury, New Zealand: AU 19054 (E870). Type locality: Otekaike Limestone, Ardlogie, South Canterbury, New Zealand.
Occurrence.—As for generic occurrence.
Description.—Centrodorsal large, truncated conical; maximum diameter ~1 cm. Aboral pole flat to slightly concave, cirrus-free, and rugose or granulated, occupying ~50% of basal diameter (Fig. 2). Cirri arranged in 10 more or less distinct vertical columns of two to four sockets, separated by naked midradial space; sockets concave, moderately deep, and bordered with radiating
a single articulated tertibrachial 2 indicates that there were at least 21 free arms. In first and second division series, Br1–2 synarthrial. Brachitaxes aborally convex, with weak midaboral synarthrial swellings. Brachials smooth, wider than high (Figs. 3, 4).
IBr1 short, proximal margin U-shaped, distal margin nearly
straight, taller radially than interradially with straight lateral margins; ratio of width to length ~2.5. IBr1–2 synarthrial. IBr2ax pentagonal with short diverging lateral margins, width- to-length ratio ~1.4–1.6 (Fig 4.4). IIBr1 with slightly U-shaped proximal and distal margins
and subequal, slightly diverging lateral margins touching interiorly, width-to-length ratio ~2.0. IIBr1–2 synarthrial. IIBr2ax pentagonal with short diverging lateral margins, width-to-length ratio ~1.3–1.6 (Fig. 4.2). IIIBr1 rhomboid, lateral margins touching interiorly,
width-to-length ratio ~1.9–2.3. IIIBr1–2 muscular, syzygial, or rarely synarthrial. Shape of IIIBr2 variable: when IIIBr1–2 muscular, IIIBr2 width-to-length ratio ~1.7-2.0; when IIIBr1–2 syzygial, IIIBr2 width-to-length ratio ~3.5; when IIIBr1–2 synarthrial, IIBr2 width-to-length ratio ~1.7 (Fig. 4.3). Syzygies at IIIBr1–2 (6/10) or IIIBr3–4 (4/10) and, where
tetribrachials present, at IVBr1–2. Remaining undivided arms with no additional syzygies, none complete, the longest consisting of 21 tetribrachials. Cirri XXVIII to ~XXXI, moderately stout; smooth; largest
intact cirrus of seven cirrals (16mm long), but 553 cirrals recovered from the matrix suggest cirri may consist of ~20 cirrals and be ~40–50mm long. Proximal cirrals cylindrical and stout: first cirral (c1) short (0.8 mm); following cirrals increasing in length to c7 (2.3mm); length-to-width ratio of first seven cirrals increases from ~0.5 to 2.2; longest cirrals (probably c8– c9) ~3.2mm long and 1.4mm wide (length-to-width ratio= 2.3); following four cirrals gradually shorter and slightly
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