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Journal of Paleontology 91(6):1148–1165
Panamá (Collins and Coates, 1999) and Ecuador (Olsson, 1941), and from the Pleistocene of East Asia (Cox, 1931), North Africa (El-Sorogy, 2002), Australia (McNamara and Kendrick, 1994), Europe (Menesini and Ughi, 1982), and Ecuador (Olsson, 1964). Most of these records have never been reviewed, and a few of these records may not be Cardites. For example, La Perna et al. (2017) recently placed the species C. ignoratus (Cossman and Peyrot, 1912) in Megacardita Sacco, 1899. The only reference to Cardites from the USA was provided
by Whitfield (1885), who mentioned C. antiquatus as occurring in the Shark River Formation (Eocene of New Jersey). However, Palmer and Brann (1965) pointed out that this record mistakenly confused the name with Claibornicardia perantiqua (Conrad, 1865). Huber (2010) suggested that living species referred to
Cardites include species belonging to at least two different genera. He recognizing a group of elongated species from America, including C. floridanus (Conrad, 1838), C. grayi (Dall, 1903), and C. laticostatus (Sowerby, 1833), and another group composed of species with triangular and subrounded shells from Europe and Asia, including C. antiquatus (Linnaeus, 1758), C. bicolor (Lamarck, 1819), C. canaliculatus (Reeve, 1843), and C. ovalis (Reeve, 1843). The American species have a notch at the posterior margin and radial ribs with squamose nodes, while the European and Asian species have radial ribs with subrectangular nodes. Therefore, Huber’s (2010) hypoth- esis that American taxa could belong to distinct genera from European and Asian taxa could potentially be corroborated based upon morphological differences and distinct geographical distributions.
Cardites feruglioi (Petersen, 1946) Figure 4.1–4.6
1946 Venericardia feruglioi Petersen, p. 126, pl. 10, figs. 3–5. 1990 Venericardia feruglioi Petersen; Medina et al., p. 140, pl. 1, figs. 1–3.
1992 Venericardia feruglioi Petersen; Camacho, p. 37.
Type specimens.—Syntypes SGN 9379 and SGN 9381. One right and one left valve, from Puesto Crettón, (Chubut Province).
Diagnosis.—Shell subtriangular to subrectangular outline, with sinuous ventral margin. Lunule small. Left anterior tooth small and triangular; right middle tooth very curved, broad, and pro- minent. Radial ribs (28–29) with elongated rectangular nodes, better developed on ventral and posterior regions of valves than elsewhere, and with reduced intercostal spaces.
Occurrence.—General Roca and Coli Toro Plateau areas (Danian, Roca Formation, Río Negro Province), and Puesto Crettón (Danian, Lefipán Formation, Chubut Province).
Description.—Shell medium-sized, thick, triangular to sub- rectangular; anterior margin rounded, ventral margin sinuous, posterior margin truncated with right angle between it and ventral one, dorsal margin inclined, slightly convex; posterior area defined by convexity change starting from seventh or
eighth radial rib. Umbones large, recurved, placed near anterior third of valve length. Lunule very small. Hinge of right valve high, with sinuous ventral edge below middle tooth; anterior tooth absent; middle tooth large, high, strongly curved, inclined backwards, with broad base, dorsal tip sharp; fine striations on dorsal surface; posterior tooth long, thin, curved. Hinge of left valve high, with straight ventral edge; anterior
tooth short, triangular, inclined backwards, with straight anterior and curved posterior edges; posterior tooth long, curved, higher than anterior one. External sculpture of 28–29 broad, low radial ribs of subrectangular transverse section, covered with obsolete and elongated rectangular nodes, more strongly developed on ventral and posterior regions of valve; intercostal spaces reduced, with ‘V’-shaped transverse section; posterior area covered with seven or eight lower, narrower radial ribs. Pallial line at about one-quarter of valve height. Inner ventral margin with strong crenulations that are rectangular, truncated, and extend around margin until junction of ventral and posterior margins.
Materials.—SGN 9395; MACN-Pi 4120, 4197, 5748, 5763- 5765, 5767; CPBA 6411 (39 left valves, 27 right valves, one articulated shell, one internal mold, and eight fragments).
Remarks.—Petersen (1946) erected C. feruglioi based on a large number of shells collected from the Danian section of the Lefipán Formation, exposed in the middle Chubut River area (Chubut Province). Later, Rodríguez et al. (1995) assigned a left valve (CPBA 17276) to this species from Cerro Tiltilco (Roca Formation, Río Negro Province). This specimen does not resemble the specimens in Petersen (1946), therefore we inclu- ded it in the new species. The description of C. feruglioi is expanded here to include new specimens from Puesto Nahuel Cheo, Puesto Carmelo Ibañez, and unspecified fossiliferous sections describe by R. Wichmann at Bajo Lenza Niyeu and Bajos Hondos. Petersen (1946) assigned this species to Venericardia, but that genus has subquadrate shells, strongly truncated posterior margin, and paracostal ribs sculptured with rounded nodes. The presence in C. feruglioi of subtriangular shells, radial ribs covered with subrectangular nodes, without paracostal ribs, and the absence of a right anterior tooth place this species within Cardites Link, 1807. Cardites feruglioi differs from C. antiquatus (Linnaeus,
1758) (Chavan, 1969, fig. E56.1) by its larger shells with subtriangular outlines, a sinuous ventral margin, shorter left anterior and wider right middle teeth, and a greater number of radial ribs that are more strongly developed on the ventral and posterior regions of the valves. Cardites canaliculatus (Reeve, 1843), C. bicolor
(Lamarck, 1819) (Recent, Indian Ocean), and other subtrian- gular species from Europe and Asia (Huber, 2010, p. 251–252) can all be distinguished from C. feruglioi by having a larger lunule and sculpture with fewer radial ribs. Cardites floridanus (Conrad, 1838) (Recent, from North
Carolina, USA to Northern Brazil) and the remaining elongate American species (Huber, 2010, p. 251–252) differ from C. feruglioi by their elongate outlines, with more rounded umbones and large lunules.
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