Vera—Eocene archeopithecids from Patagonia
molars became wider, while lower molars tended to widen and shorten.
Based on the phylogenetic analysis, Archaeopithecus rogeri
is not recovered as amember of the notopithecid clade or together with Oldfieldthomasia, contrary to previous hypotheses (Reguero and Prevosti, 2010; Vera, 2016). In fact, Archaeopithecus rogeri occurs in basal position in relation to Typotheria, forming a polytomy with other Eocene taxa, such as the isotemnid Pleur- ostylodon modicus, Henricosbornia, and some oldfielthomasiids. The body masses for Archaeopithecus rogeri and the
notopithecids were estimated using different regression models based on dental measures, and on postcranial parameters in the case of Notopithecus. The mean value calculated for Archae- opithecus rogeri (1.62 kg) is very close to those for Notopithe- cus adapinus (1.40 kg) and Antepithecus brachystephanus (1.68 kg), and slightly lower than Transpithecus obtentus (1.82 kg) and Guiliemoscottia plicifera (2.38 kg), all of which have body sizes comparable to those of the hegetotheriids Pachyrukhos and Paedotherium. Archaeopithecus rogeri currently has been reported only
from Eocene localities of Chubut Province (Argentina). Its biostratigraphic range is from Vacan (early middle Eocene) through Barrancan (late middle Eocene) subages. Older records from the Riochican SALMA need to be stratigraphically confirmed. In addition, purported archaeopithecids from the Paso del Sapo fauna, Gran Hondonada (Mustersan SALMA), and Las Violetas localities, lack published descriptions to verify their taxonomic designation. Therefore, the lower and upper limits of the archaeopithecid biochron are still tentative.
Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to the editors of the Journal, D. Croft, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive suggestions that improved the manuscript. I am also grateful to the following insti- tutions and peoplewho provided access to the collections under their care: J. Meng, J. Galkin, and A. Gishlick (AMNH); A. Kramarz and S. Álvarez (MACN); M. Fornasiero and L. del Favero (MGP); M. Reguero and M. Bond (MLP); C. Argot (MNHN); F. Scaglia and A. Dondas (MMdP); E. Ruigómez (MPEF); and D. García López and J. Powell (PVL). I am indebted to C. Bottero, who revised the English language,
P.Meglioli (IANIGLA), who helped with statistical analysis, R. Bottero (IANIGLA), who prepared Figure 1, and F. Magliano for technical assistance. The Campo Muriette location (Fig. 1) was kindly provided by M. Krause and P. Puerta (MPEF). This research was financially supported by: “Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas” (CONICET, Argentina), postdoctoral scholarship for short stays abroad (Resolution D Nº 4778); the scholarship committee of the Field Museum of Natural History, USA (grant 2010-P305326); a
Williams Foundation travel grant (2011); and two “Proposte di finanziamento per azioni di cooperazione universitaria” grants (2011 and 2014) by the University of Padova, Italy.
Accessibility of supplemental data
Data available from the Dryad Digital Repository: http://doi. org/10.5061/dryad.h2900
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