1106


Journal of Paleontology 91(6):1102–1122


Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea (Wang et al., 1988); Pliocene in Taiwan, China (He et al., 1965); Tropical Pacific (11–174 m; Jones, 1994).


Remarks.—This species was recognized by the broad elliptic shape and the sharply keeled periphery of the test. In this study, a wide variety was observed from nearly 0.1mm (Fig. 3.1a, 3.1b) to 1mm (Fig. 3.2, 3.3). The third chambers of the front view in the adult forms usually elevated as a keel, while juvenile forms have the convex, round ridge for this chamber. He et al. (1965) erected the smaller specimens to a new subspecies, which is considered here as a juvenile form of Quinqueloculina lamarckiana d’Orbigny (1839a). Cushman (1929) pointed that the species has an elliptical neck with a narrow elongate tooth. He (1965) reported a bifurcate top of the tooth. The specimens observed in this study have a narrow elongate tooth with or without a much shorter neck.


Quinqueloculina venusta Karrer, 1868 Figure 3.4–3.6


1868 Quinqueloculina venusta Karrer, p. 147, pl. 2, fig. 6. 1917 Quinqueloculina venusta; Cushman, p. 45, pl. 11, fig. 1. 1957 Quinqueloculina lamarckiana; Todd and Bronnimann, p. 27, pl. 3, fig.12.


1965 Quinqueloculina venusta; He, Hu, and Wang, p. 60, pl. 2, figs. 5a–5c.


Occurrence.—Pliocene in Japan; Miocene in Romania and Yugoslavia; Recent in Pacific and Atlantic oceans; Jiangsu and Shanghai, China (He et al., 1965).


Remarks.—Cushman (1917) reported that this species has a short contracted neck with thickened lip and a short simple tooth. He et al. (1965) presented specimens with slightly bifur- cate top of the tooth. In this study, no definite lip can be observed. Due to its elongated test and wide short tooth, the specimens of Quinqueloculina lamarckiana d’Orbigny (1839a) described by Todd and Bronnimann (1957) are referred to Quinqueloculina venusta Karrer (1868).


Genus Spiroloculina d’Orbigny, 1826 Spiroloculina exmia Cushman, 1922a Figure 3.7, 3.8


1922a Spiroloculina exmia Cushman, p. 61, pl. 11, fig. 2. 1929 Spiroloculina exmia; Cushman, p. 42, pl. 8, figs. 7a, 7b.


1965 Spiroloculina exmia; He, Hu, and Wang, p. 72, pl. 4, figs. 5a, 5b.


Occurrence.—Recent tropical Pacific; Jiangsu, China (He et al., 1965).


Remarks.—This species possesses rapidly increased and tapered chambers toward the apertural end. He et al. (1965) reported that the early chambers are inclined and convex. The specimens reported here have a comparatively shorter neck.


1990 Quinqueloculina venusta;Ujiié, p, 15, pl. 3, figs. 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b.


Spiroloculina laevigata Cushman and Todd, 1944 Figure 4.1, 4.2


1944 Spiroloculina laevigata Cushman and Todd, p. 67, pl. 9, figs. 26–29.


1965 Spiroloculina laevigata; He, Hu, and Wang, p. 72, pl. 4, figs. 7a, 7b.


1988 Spiroloculina laevigata; Wang et al., p. 126, pl. 12, fig. 17.


Holotype.—(USNM CC 41730 ) in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.


Occurrence.—Recent Pacific; Jiangsu, China (He et al., 1965).


Remarks.—This species is close to Spiroloculina exmia Cushman (1922a). Compared with the latter, the test of this species is more symmetric, and the chambers keep the same width from the base to the apertural end. The specimens illustrated here are more elongate than the holotype.


Suborder Lagenina Lankester, 1885 Family Nodosariidae Ehrenberg, 1838 Genus Lagena Walker and Jacob, 1798 Lagena hispida Reuss, 1858 Figure 3.11


1858 Lagena hispida Reuss, p. 434. 1884 Lagena hispida; Brady, p. 450, pl. 57, figs. 1–4. 1965 Lagena hispida; He, Hu, and Wang, p. 77, pl. 5, fig. 12. 1988 Lagena hispida; Wang et al., p. 135, pl. 16, fig. 12. 1990 Lagena hispida; Ujiié, p, 18, pl. 5, fig. 2.


Occurrence.—Oligocene in Germany; Quaternary in Denmark; Pliocene in U.S.A. and Japan; Recent in Pacific and Atlantic oceans; Yellow Sea and shelf of East China Sea (Wang et al., 1988).


Remarks.—The wall of this species is ornamented with fine spines. According to Brady (1884), the test varies from flask- shaped to subglobular, and in some specimens, the basal end is drawn out into a stout spine, which was also reported by Ujiié (1990). The stout spine out of the base was described, but not observed in the plates illustrated by He et al. (1965). The specimens here and reported by Wang et al. (1988) showed no spine for the subglobular test.


Lagena spicata Cushman and McCulloch, 1950 Figure 4.3, 4.4


1950 Lagena sulcata var. spicata Cushman and McCulloch, p. 360, pl. 48, figs. 3–7.


1965 Lagena striata; He, Hu, and Wang, p. 76, pl. 5, fig. 11. 1988 Lagena spicata; Wang et al., p. 135, pl. 16, figs. 9, 10.


Occurrence.—Widely distributed in world oceans; seldom found in shelf sediments of East China Sea (Wang et al., 1988).


Remarks.—There is a considerable amount of variation in this species. Cushman and McCulloch (1950) erected this species


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