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Antibiotics free The pigs are grown without antibiotics. About 10% of the pigs still need to be medicated at some point. In 8 out of 10 cases that an animal receives antibiotics treatment is in the farrowing pen. The cause is mainly diarrhoea or inflammation. Treated an- imals are ear tagged and HKScan processes them as normal pigs. The pig farmer receives a premium for the pigs that are raised without antibiotics. The Finnish pig price is fairly stable and is less susceptible to market fluctuations.


Good health The Finnish pig herd is PRRS and mycoplasma free. Good animal health is reflected in excellent technical results. The pigs on the farm of the Antikainen family grow 970 grams, while they are relatively light at processing. In the barn, there are hardly any coughing pigs because two major respiratory diseases play no part here. Moreover, it is cool in the stables. Manure cooling is used, this limits the formation of ammonia in the manure well.


Keeping pigs salmonella-free requires strict entry controls on the feed.


Completely Salmonella free Another point is that the pig herd is completely Salmonel- la-free. Finland has a zero tolerance policy for Salmonella, just like neighbouring Sweden. If a shed tests positive for salmo- nella, it will be cleared. The insurance covers the damage, but the first six months after starting up with new animals is at the risk of the pig farmers. Keeping pigs Salmonella-free requires strict entry controls on the feed. This is because feed poses the greatest risk of introduction. The Finns do little to import feed or raw materials; the farms produce much of the feedstuffs on their own land. This year 150 hectares of summer barley was sown, which is the main ingredient in the feed. In addition, wheat, black beans, rapeseed and hay are grown. The ration is also supplemented with field beans and by-products from the alcohol and dairy industry. However, the Finnish feed sector is not overflowing with nutritional knowledge, says business advisor Jan Vugts of meat processor HKScan. That lack of knowledge is becoming increasingly problematic. The highly productive sows on the farm need good feed. With 17.7 piglets born per litter, a lot is required of the sows.


After weaning, the litters stay together as much as possible. 122


▶ GUT HEALTH | DECEMBER 2020


Preparing pigs for slaughter Preparing the pigs for slaughter takes place in three stages. The animals stay up to 40 kg in the piglet shed. After weaning, the litters stay together as much as possible. In the range of 40 to 70 kg, the pigs are placed in ten’s. In the fattening phase, the animals are again in another section where they are together (around 6 or 7 pigs together). The extra move will be done to make the best possible use of the space. A compartment for fattening pigs is emptied in two deliveries to the processors.


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