O’Dogherty et al.—Jurassic radiolarians from the Eastern Alps
Family Arcanicapsidae Takemura, 1986 Subfamily Arcanicapsinae Takemura, 1986
Included genera.—Arcanicapsa Takemura, 1986; Fultacapsa Ožvoldová in Ožvoldová and Frantová, 1997; Religa Whalen and Carter, 2002; Squinabollum Dumitrica, 1970; Trisyringium Vinassa de Regny, 1901; and the group of species assigned to Dorypyle Squinabol, 1904. Dorypyle should be regarded as a nomen dubium that requires a new genus for taxonomic stability. The genera Arcanicapsa Takemura, 1986 and Yamatoum
Takemura, 1986 were questionably placed under this family in the recent revision by O’Dogherty et al., 2009, but, as stated by Takemura 1986, the cephalic structure has more affinities with the genus Unuma Ichikawa and Yao, 1976. In this paper we follow the same opinion. In the same revision by O’Dogherty et al., 2009, the genus SolideaWhalen and Carter in Carter et al., 1998 was erroneously placed in this subfamily, but its correct placement should be in Favosyringiinae.
Genus Arcanicapsa Takemura, 1986 Type species.—Arcanicapsa sphaerica Takemura, 1986.
Other species.—Sethocapsa aculeata Cortese, 1993; Setho- capsa congduensis Li and Wu, 1985; Sethocapsa echinata Li and Wu, 1985; Sethocapsa leiostraca Foreman, 1973b; Setho- capsa trachyostraca Foreman, 1973b; Sethocapsa funatoensis Aita, 1987; and Zhamoidellum? exquisita Hull, 1997.
Occurrence.—Lower Toarcian to lower Aptian.
Remarks.—Arcanicapsa as originally described has a stout apical horn (Takemura 1986, p. 54). In this paper we broaden the definition to include morphologically closely similar species without apical horn. Such tricyrtids, having a closed abdomen ornamented with spines or nodes, have been traditionally ascribed to Sethocapsa (e.g., Sethocapsa funatoensis Aita), which is considered nomen dubium (O’Dogherty et al., 2009). Some species were questionably assigned to Zhamoidellum (e.g., Zhamoidellum? exquisita Hull). Here we assign to Zhamoidellum only species without tubercles (see discussion under Zhamoidellum). Species with a clear distinction between upward-directed spines proximally and downward- directed spines distally belong to Trisyringium Vinassa de Regny (see O’Dogherty, 1994, p. 208; O’Dogherty et al., 2009).
1930 2003
2006
Arcanicapsa exquisita (Hull, 1997) Figure 10.3
1997 Zhamoidellum (?) exquisita Hull, p. 132, pl. 38, figs. 5, 16–17, 21.
2000 Zhamoidellum (?) exquisita; Wu, pl. 1, figs. 14–15.
2003 Zhamoidellum exquisita; Suzuki and Gawlick, p. 204, fig. 6.55.
Arcanicapsa funatoensis (Aita, 1987) Figure 10.5−10.16
Sethocapsa funatoensis Aita, p. 73, pl. 2, figs. 6a–7b. 2005b Arcanicapsa funatoensis; Nishihara and Yao, fig. 5.1.
1987
2006 Zhamoidellum funatoense;O’Dogherty et al., p. 445, pl. 10, fig. 32. [See for complete synonymy]
2009 non Zhamoidellum funatoense; Yeh, p. 68, pl. 21, figs. 10–11, 17, 25.
2011
Hiscocapsa funatoense; Yeh, p. 16, pl. 7, figs. 19–20, 23, 26.
Arcanicapsa sp. aff. A. funatoensis (Aita, 1987) Figure 11.27−11.28
Remarks.—The specimens resemble A. funatoensis, but differ by having stronger spines and larger shell size.
Arcanicapsa undulata (Heitzer, 1930) Figure 10.20−10.22
Lithobotrys undulata Heitzer, p. 390, pl. 28, fig. 22.
Tricolocapsa undulata; Suzuki and Gawlick, figs. 5.41, 6.39.
Tricolocapsa undulata; Auer et al., fig. 6.44.
2007b Tricolocapsa undulata; Gawlick et al., fig. 8.41. 2008 2009
Tricolocapsa undulata; Auer et al., fig. 9.78.
Tricolocapsa undulata; Suzuki and Gawlick, p. 183, figs. 5.44A–B, 5.45A–B, 6.18A–B, 6.19A–B.
Remarks.—Arcanicapsa undulata differs from A. funatoensis by having a smoother surface. Circular pores are present only on tubercles.
Arcanicapsa sp. A Figure 10.4
Figure 11. Scale bars measure 50 µm for a magnification of x200 (a) and x250 (b). Each radiolarian scanning micrograph is designated by the sample and the specimen number followed by the corresponding scale. (1−3) Gongylothorax marmoris Kiessling in Kiessling and Zeiss, sample BMW-32 (1, 097/b; 2, 002/b; 3, 057/b). (4) Japonocapsa sp. A, sample BMW-13b (4, 072/b). (5−7) Striatojaponocapsa conexa (Matsuoka), sample EW-158 (5, 003/a; 6, 001/a); sample BMW-32 (7, 089/a). (8–9) Striatojaponocapsa riri O’Dogherty, Goričan, and Dumitrica in O’Dogherty et al., sample BMW-32 (8, 056/b; 9, 008/b). (10−13) Striatojaponocapsa synconexa O’Dogherty, Goričan, and Dumitrica in O’Dogherty et al., sample EW-158 (10, 006/a; 12, 056/b; 13, 071/b); sample BMW-26 (11, 023/b). (14−16) Striatojaponocapsa spp., sample BMW-32 (14, 101/b; 16, 060/b); sample BMW-34 (15, 030/b). (17−20) Striatojaponocapsa? spp., sample BMW-32 (17, 025/a; 19, 059/b); sample BMW-13b (18, 024/b); sample EW-158 (20, 073/b). (21−26) Unuma latusicostatus (Aita), sample BMW-13b (21, 059/a; 25, 069/a); sample EW-158 (22, 023/a); sample BMW-28 (23, 055/a; 24, 005/a; 26, 026/a). (27–28) Arcanicapsa sp. aff. A. funatoensis (Aita), sample BMW-28 (27, 011/a; 28, 031/a). (29−38, 45) Unuma gordus Hull 1997, sample BMW-31 (29, 054/b; 37, 031/a); sample BMW-28 (30, 039/a; 35, 048/a); sample EW-158 (31, 024/a; 36, 058/a); sample BMW-13b (32, 025/a; 34, 055/a); sample BMW-26 (33, 061/a; 38, 072/a); sample BMW-32 (45, 066/a). (39–40) Protunuma turbo Matsuoka, sample BMW-13b (39, 058/a; 40, 052/a). (41) Protunuma japonicus Matsuoka and Yao, sample BMW-33 (41, 014/a). (42) Protunuma europeus O’Dogherty, Goričan and Dumitrica in O’Dogherty et al., sample BMW-13b (42, 061/b). (?43–44) Protunuma ochiensis Matsuoka, sample BMW-33 (43, 013/a); sample BMW-28 (44, 052/a). (46), Theocapsomella cordis (Kocher in Baumgartner et al.), sample BMW-13b (46, 020/b). (47) Theocapsomella medvednicensis (Goričan in Halamić et al.), sample BMW-32 (47, 003/b).
45
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