GLOSSARY
Association of Oil Pipe Lines (AOPL). Profes- sional trade association of the oil pipeline in- dustry that acts as an information clearing- house for the public, the media and the pipe- line industry, and represents common carrier crude and product petroleum pipelines in Con- gress, before regulatory agencies, and in the federal courts.
Atmosphere-Supplying Devices. Respiratory protection devices coupled to an air source. The two types are self-contained breathing ap- paratus (SCBA) and supplied air respirators (SAR).
Aviation Gasoline (Avgas). A gasoline fuel for reciprocating piston engine aircraft. Avgas is very volatile and is extremely flammable at normal temperatures. Avgas grades are de- fined primarily by their octane rating—the lean mixture rating and the rich mixture rating. For example, Avgas 100/130 has a lean mixture performance rating of 100 and a rich mixture rating of 130.
B
Batching. The process by which multiple prod- ucts and grades of gasoline are simultaneously transported through a single pipeline. Batching may be done with or without a physical barrier separating the different products. Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE). A container failure with a release of energy, often rapidly and violently, which is ac- companied by a release of gas to the atmos- phere and propulsion of the container or container pieces due to an overpressure rup- ture.
Boiling Point. The temperature at which a liquid changes its phase to a vapor or gas. The temperature where the vapor pressure of the liquid equals atmospheric pressure. Sig- nificant property for evaluating the flamma- bility of a liquid, as flash point and boiling point are directly related. A liquid with a low flash point will also have a low boiling point, which translates into a large amount of va- pors being given off.
BOLO. Be On the Lookout.
Bonding. A method of controlling ignition hazards from static electricity. It is the process of connecting two or more conductive objects together by means of a conductor; for example, using an approved bonding wire to connect an aircraft being refueled to the fuel truck. Is done to minimize potential differences between con- ductive objects, thereby minimizing or elimi- nating the chance of static sparking.
Boom. A floating physical barrier serving as a continuous obstruction to the spread of a con- taminant.
Bottom Loading. A “closed loop” transfer sys- tem under which flammable liquids, such as gasoline, are loaded through the bottom valves of an MC-306/DOT-406 cargo tank truck. Each compartment on the tank truck has a vent that is connected to the truck’s vapor recovery pip- ing system. These vents are then connected ei- ther mechanically or pneumatically to each compartment’s internal safety valve; when the internal safety valve is opened, the vent will also open. This provides both pressure and vacuum protection during product transfer op- erations without the vehicle operator having to physically open the dome cover.
Branch. That organizational level within the Incident Command System having func- tional/ geographic responsibility for major segments of incident operations (e.g., Hazmat Branch). The Branch level is organizationally between Section and Division/Sector/Group.
Buddy System. A system of organizing em- ployees into work groups in such a manner that each employee of the work group is des- ignated to be observed by at least one other employee in the work group (per OSHA 1910.120 (a)(3)).
C
Cargo Tanks. Tanks permanently mounted on a tank truck or tank trailer which is used for the transportation of liquefied and compressed gases, liquids and molten materials. Examples
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