phone 01483 825155. His first book, ‘Corrective Exercise: A Practical Approach’ was published in June 2005. For more information visit www.origin-health.co.uk

Dr Suzanne Patel is an experienced technical writer and researcher in medical education, and a qualified remedial massage therapist. She currently works as a freelance writer specialising in the area of exer- cise and health science.

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Ergonomics

2003;46(7):731-746 6. Holmstrom E, Moritz U, and Andersson M. Trunk muscle strength and back muscle endurance in construction workers with and without low back disor- ders. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 1992;24(1):3-10 7. McGill SM and Brown S. Creep response of the lumbar spine to prolonged lumbar flexion. Clinical Biomechanics 1992;7:43 8. Luoto S, Heliovaara M, Hurri H, et al. Static back endurance and the risk of low back pain. Clinical Biomechanics 1995;10:323-324 9. McGill SM, Hughson RL, and Parks K. Lumbar erector spinae oxygenation during prolonged contractions: implications for prolonged work. Ergonomics

2000;43(4):486-93 10. Axler CT and McGill SM. Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises: searching for the safest abdominal challenge. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1997;29(6):804-811 11. Cholewicki J, Juluru K, Radebold A, et al. Lumbar spine stability can be augmented with an abdominal belt and/or increased intra-abdominal pres- sure. European Spine Journal 1999;8(5):388-395 12. Juker D, McGill S, Kropf P, et al. Quantitative intramuscular myoelectric activity of lumbar portions of psoas and the abdominal wall during a wide variety of tasks. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1998;30(2):301-310 13. Cholewicki J, Juluru K, and McGill SM. Intra-abdominal pressure mech- anism for stabilizing the lumbar spine. Journal of Biomechanics 1999;32(1):13-17 14. McGill SM. Low back stability: from formal description to issues for per- formance and rehabilitation. Exercise and Sports Science Review 2001;29(1):26-31 15. Sirca A and Kostevc V. The fibre type composition of thoracic and lum- bar paravertebral muscles in man. Journal of Anatomy 1985;141:131-137 16. Callaghan JP, Gunning JL, and McGill SM. The relationship between lum- bar spine load and muscle activity during extensor exercises. Physical Therapy 1998;78(1):8-18 17. McGill SM. Electromyographic activity of the abdominal and low back musculature during the generation of isometric and dynamic axial trunk torque: implications for lumbar mechanics. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 1991;9(1):91-103

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