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JOURNAL WATCH Journal Watch
EFFECTIVE PREVENTION OF SPORTS INJURIES: A MODEL INTEGRATING EFFICACY,
EFFICIENCY, COMPLIANCE AND RISK-TAKING BEHAVIOUR. Van Tiggelen D, Wickes S, et
al. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2008;42:628-635
In 1992 van Mechelen et al published an injury prevention model based on a four-step process. This model has been widely used to implement preventive measures in response to sports injuries. However, the execution of this model has been shown to lack validity. A modified model has therefore been proposed which incorporates additional steps that enable the inclusion of external factors with a significant effect on the outcome of a prevention intervention. The original modal was 1-4. The new model is: 1) Injury surveillance 2)
Establish aetiology and mechanics of injury 3) Develop preventative measures 4) “Ideal conditions/scientific evaluation 5) Describe intervention context to inform implementation strategies 6) Evaluate effectiveness of preventive measures in implementation context.
OPEN VERSUS CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISES FOR PATELLAR CHONDROMALACIA. Bakhtiaryet al British Journal of Sports Medicine 2008;42(2):99-102
OP CHA
This study compared the effect of straight leg raise (SLR) and semi-squat exercises on the treatment of patellar chondromalacia. Thirty two participants with the condition were randomly assigned to either SLR or semi-squat exercise. Both groups followed a 3 week quadriceps strengthening programme starting with 20 exercises twice a day and increasing each session by 5 exercises every 2 days. Reduced Q angle and crepitation, and an increase in the contraction force of the quadriceps and thigh circumference were found in the semi-squat group compared with SLR group. Patellofemoral pain was decreased significantly in both groups.
sportEX comment Semi-squat exercises (CKC) appear to
be more effective than SLR exercise (OKC) in the treatment of patellar chondromalacia.
PATELLOFEMORAL COMPRESSIVE FORCE AND STRESS DURING THE FORWARD AND SIDE LUNGES WITH AND WITHOUT A STRIDE. Escamilla RF, Zheng
N, et al. Clinical Biomechanics, 2008 Jul
The aim of this study was to measure patellofemoral compressive force and stress during weight-bearing lunge exercises that are frequently employed during patellofemoral rehabilitation. The results indicated that patellofemoral force and stress progressively decreased as knee flexion increased and progressively increased as knee flexion decreased. Patellofemoral force and stress were greater in the side lunge compared to the forward lunge between 80° and 90° knee angles, and greater with a stride compared to without a stride between 10°and 50° knee angles.
sportEX comment
A more functional knee flexion range between 0-50° may be appropriate during the early phases of patellofemoral rehabilitation due to lower patellofemoral
compressive force and stress during this range compared to higher knee angles between 60-90°. Moreover, when the goal is to minimise patellofemoral compressive force and stress, it may be prudent to employ forward and side lunges without a stride compared to with a stride, especially at lower knee angles between 0-50°.
EFFECTS OF PATELLAR TAPING ON KNEE JOINT PROPRIOCEPTION IN PATIENTS WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME. Callaghan MJ, Selfe J et al. Manual Therapy 2008;13(3):192-199
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of patellar taping on the proprioceptive status of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).
Thirty two subjects with PFPS were tested for joint position sense (JPS) using a Biodex dynamometer. Outcomes measures were taken at an angular velocity of 2°/s with a start angle at 90° and target angles of 60° and 20°. Taping was applied in a random order across the patella of each subject with each of the subjects acting as their own internal control.
The results indicated initially that application of patellar tape did not enhance and in some cases worsened the JPS of the subjects, however, when the subjects’ proprioceptive status was graded according to their closeness to the target angles, taping enhanced nearly all values of those with ‘poor’ proprioception. Patellar taping does not improve joint position sense but it in a subgroup of PFPS patients poor proprioception may exist and be helped by patellar taping.
sportEX comment What this means in effect is match patients to the treatment.
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