APPENDIX
Scope - the ratio of the amount of anchor rode de- ployed to the distance from the bow to the bottom.
Scull - to propel a boat by swinging the rudder back and forth. Scupper - cockpit or deck drain. Seabag - a soſt-fabric bag for carrying personal items. Sea breeze - a wind that blows over the sea and onto the land. Seacock - a shut off valve to prevent water from entering a thru hull fitting.
Secure - make safe or cleat. Sécurite- an internationally recognized signal to warn others of a dangerous situation.
Set - 1. the direction of a current. 2. to trim the sails. Shackle - a metal fitting at the end of a line used to attach the line to a sail or another fitting. Shake out - to remove a reef and restore the full sail. Sheave - the rotating wheel inside a block or fitting. Sheet - the line which is used to control the sail by easing it out or trimming it in.
Shoal - shallow water that may be dangerous. Shroud - standing rigging at the side of the mast. Singlehanded - sailing alone. S-Jibe - the controlled method of jibing with the mainsail crossing the boat under control and the boat’s path makes an “S” shaped course.
Skeg - a vertical fin in front of the rudder. Skipper - the person in charge of the boat. Slab reefing (jiffy reefing) - lowering and tying off the lower portion of a sail in order to reduce sail area.
Slip - see berth. Sloop - a single-masted sailboat with mainsail and headsail.
Snub - to hold a line under tension by wrapping it on a winch or cleat.
Sole - the floor in a cockpit or cabin. Solenoid switch - an electrical switch which shuts off the flow of propane.
Spar - a pole used to attach a sail on a boat, for example, the mast, the boom, a gaff. Spinnaker - a large billowing headsail used when sailing downwind.
Splice - the joining of two lines together by interweaving their strands. Spreader - a support strut extending athwartships from the mast used to support the mast and guide the shrouds from the top of the mast to the chainplates. Spring line - a dockline running forward or aſt from the boat to the dock to keep the boat from moving forward or aſt.
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Squall - a short intense storm with little warning. Stanchions - stainless steel supports at the edge of the deck which hold the lifelines. Standing rigging - the permanent rigging (usually wire) of a boat, including the forestay, backstay, and shrouds.
Stand-on vessel - the vessel or boat with the right-of- way.
Starboard - when looking from the stern toward the bow, the right side of the boat. Starboard tack - sailing on any point of sail with the wind coming over the starboard side of the boat. Also identified as the side opposite the boom.
Stay - a wire support for a mast, part of the standing rigging. Staysail (STAY-sil) - on a cutter, a second small “inner jib,” attached between the bow and the mast.
Stem - the forward tip of the bow. Step - the area in which the base of the mast fits. Stern - the aſt part of the boat. Stow - to store properly. Stuffing box (packing gland) - the opening in the hull where the propeller shaſt exits.
Sump - a cavity or tank in the bilge to collect water. Swamped - filled with water.
T (Tango) Tack - 1. - a course on which the wind comes over one
side of the boat, i.e., port tack, starboard tack. 2. - to change direction by turning the bow through the wind. 3. - the lower forward corner of a sail.
Tackle - a sequence of blocks and line that provides a mechanical advantage.
Tail - to hold and pull a line from behind a winch. Telltales - pieces of yarn or sailcloth material attached to sails which indicate when the sail is properly trimmed. Trottle - a device for controlling the engine’s revolutions per minute (RPM). Tru-hull - Fittings that pass through the hull to which seacocks and other devices are attached.
Tide - the rise and fall of water level due to the gravitational pull of the sun and moon.
Tiller - a long handle, extending into the cockpit, which directly controls the rudder. Tiller extension - a handle attached to the tiller which allows the helmsman to sit further out to the side. Toe rail - a short aluminum or wooden rail around the outer edges of the deck. Toppingliſt - a line used to hold the boom up when the mainsail is lowered or stowed.
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