APPENDIX
Off the wind - sailing downwind. On the wind - sailing upwind, close-hauled. Outboard - outside the rail of a boat. Outhaul - the controlling line attached to the clew of a mainsail used to tension the foot of the sail. Overpowered - a boat that is heeling too far because it has too much sail up for the amount of wind. Overtaking - a boat that is catching up to another boat and about to pass it.
P (Papa) Packing gland - see stuffing box.
Painter - the line attached to the bow of a dinghy. Pan Pan- the internationally recognized distress signal for an urgent situation. Parallel rulers - two rulers linked and held parallel by hinges. Pay out - to ease a line. PFD - abbreviation for a life jacket. Piling - vertical timber or log driven into the sea bottom to support docks or form a breakwater. Pinching - sailing too close to the wind. Pintle - small metal extensions on a rudder that slides into a gudgeon on the transom. Te gudgeon/pintle fitting allows the rudder to swing back and forth.
Plot - applying calculations to a chart to determine course or position.
Point - to steer close to the wind. Points of sail - boat directions in relation to wind direction, i.e., close-hauled, close-reaching, beam reaching, broad reaching, and running.
Port - 1. - the leſt side of a boat when facing forward. 2. - a harbor. 3. - a window in a cabin on a boat. Port tack - sailing on any point of sail with the wind coming over the port side of the boat. Also identified as the side opposite the boom. Prevailing wind - typical or consistent wind conditions. Propeller - a device, having a revolving hub with radiating blades, which is used for propulsion.
Puff - an increase in wind speed for a short duration. Pulpit - a stainless steel guardrail at the bow and stern of some boats. Pushpit - a stainless steel guardrail at the stern of some boats.
Push-pull principle - the explanation of how sails generate power.
Q (Quebec) Quarter - the sides of the boat near the stern.
Quarter berth - a bunk located under the cockpit.
R (Romeo) Radar reflector - a metal object with lots of faces at
sharp angles which can be spotted by other vessels’ radar scopes.
Rail - the outer edges of the deck. Rake - the angle of the mast. Range - the alignment of two objects that indicate the middle of a channel. Raw-water - Water pumped into the engine for cooling. Reach - one of several points of sail across the wind. “Ready about” - the command given to the crew to prepare to tack. “Ready to jibe” - the command given to the crew to prepare to jibe.
Reef - to reduce the size of a sail. Reefing line - a line used to reduce sail by pulling the lower portion of the sail to the boom.
Reeve - to pass a line through a cringle or block. Rhumb line - a straight course between two points. Rig - 1. - the design of a boat’s mast(s), standing rigging, and sail plan. 2. - to prepare a boat to go sailing. Rigging - the wires and lines used to support and control sails. Right-of-way - the right of the stand-on vessel to hold its course.
Roach - the sail area aſt of a straight line running from the head to the clew of a sail.
Rode - line and chain attached from the boat to the anchor.
Roller furling - a mechanical system to roll up a headsail (jib) around the headstay. Round up - when the boat turns, sometimes abruptly and with a great deal of heel, towards the wind. Rudder - the underwater fin that is controlled by the tiller or wheel to deflect water and steer the boat.
Run - (point of sail) sailing with the wind coming directly behind the boat. Running rigging - lines and hardware used to control the sails.
S (Sierra) Safety harness - strong webbing worn around the
chest and attached to the boat to prevent someone from being separated from the boat. Sail cover - the protective cover used to preserve sails when they are not in use. Sail ties - pieces of line or webbing used to tie the mainsail to the boom when reefing or storing the sail. Schooner - a two-masted boat whose foremast is shorter than its mainmast.
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