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Transcripts


t


goods market gave European manufacturers strong competition.


4.


It is widely assumed that poverty exists only in developing countries, but this assumption has meant the needs of the urban poor in developed countries are often neglected.


5. The particles collide at something near the speed of light and this collision releases massive amounts of energy.


6. A lot of time was spent trying to involve parents in the road safety scheme, because previous experience has shown that the involvement of the local community in such projects is essential to their success.


7. Research has shown that male lions in different parts of Africa behave in different ways when faced with danger. Do environmental factors account for these differences in behaviour?


8. We studied the performance of these financial products over a period of three years, and we found that some perform significantly better than others.


CD2 Track 11 Ex 5.3


Listen to the following short texts and complete them with words or phrases that are synonyms.


1. Many people are worried that young people lack strong role models, and this concern has prompted the police to question the conduct of professional footballers, whose actions may have a significant influence on young men.


2. The USA decided to stay away from the Moscow Olympics in 1980, in protest at the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan. Four years later, the Soviet Union retaliated with its own boycott of the Los Angeles Olympics.


3. Many multinational companies prefer to team up with local enterprises. Such alliances have a number of advantages.


4. The public’s perception of the government’s handling of the economy was critical. While the economy had in fact grown by 2%, people viewed the high unemployment rate and the government’s inability to control strikes as indicators of poor performance.


Unit 8: Digressions


CD2 Track 12 Ex 2.2


Listen and read the extract. Then answer the questions.


My first set of examples come from a – and I’m going to talk about some fairly classic experiments in this lecture, but I would point out before I go on that there is a really excellent chapter on this subject in Shettleworth’s book, which is referred to in the reference list for this lecture. Sara Shettleworth has a superb chapter on social learning. It’s called ‘Learning from others’. It’s very up-to-date, very thoughtful, very comprehensive, and I’m just going to mention just a few of the examples that she mentions. But if you seriously want to think about this area, and it involves many complexities, her chapter is a very good place to go. Anyway, some of the best-known work on social learning, or putative social learning, in rats, in animals, are about food preferences. These are examples of learning the significance of stimuli, learning what foods are good to eat and what foods are bad to eat.


CD2 Track 13 Ex 3.1


Listen to Part 1 and make notes on the main points of the lecture.


Questionnaire design Part 1


Now, I’m going to show you lots of examples of different types of questions that you can ask, and here are some very general design issues, though. Your questions, they need to be precise, as you’ll see in a moment. They need to be well-ordered. Incidentally – sorry, I should have mentioned this earlier – the assessment for this course will, I think, be announced next week, formally, but what it’s going to be is a case study. Basically you’re going to be asked to evaluate, to comment, appraise. And it’ll be a case study describing a, sort of, typical market research process, but it will also include data. There will be data that you can analyze to support your case, and you will be able to analyze it, basically, in whatever way that you want. That’ll be up to you. Somebody was asking earlier about will we have to do a questionnaire, and they’ve probably been talking to people last year who did it and where everybody – basically every single individual –


Listening 91


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