7 What lecturers do in lectures In this unit you will:


• think about how lecturers organize information in their lectures • discuss other ways of organizing information • practise note-taking • learn how word stress and pronunciation vary within word families


Task 1 Macrostructure of lectures


Writers use different structures to organize their writing. For example, they might use this structure. situation


 problems  solutions implications of solution  evaluation of solution


In a similar way, lecturers may also use different structures to organize their lectures. Here are some examples of what lecturers might do during a lecture.


Lecture structure 1 suggest alternative methods of doing something





discuss the benefits and drawbacks of each method


Lecture structure 2 state a hypothesis





outline an experiment to test the hypothesis





look at the results of the experiment





draw conclusions from the results


Sound advice:


Recognizing the structure of a lecture may help you understand the main ideas that the lecturer is trying to communicate. As you listen to a lecture, ask yourself: ■ What is the lecturer doing at this point in the lecture? ■ How does this part of the lecture relate to the other parts of the lecture?


These questions will help you get the ‘big picture’ – i.e., the main ideas – of the lecturer’s argument. 1.1


Lecture structure 3 present a theory





see how the theory works in practice





suggest problems with the theory





Think of lectures you have listened to. Discuss the following questions in groups. 1. Can you think of any lectures where the lecturers used these structures? 2. Can you think of any other ways in which lecturers organize their lectures?


Listening


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