3. Crime prevention is an important aspect of the police’s work, but it is often difficult to assess its effectiveness.
4. Doctors have noticed an increase in eating disorders, such as bulimia and anorexia, not just among young women but, surprisingly, among young men.
5. These plants should be grown in partial shade, rather than in direct sunlight.
6. Researchers have found that inexperienced drivers are much more likely to be involved in traffic accidents.
CD1 Track 30 Ex 5.5
Listen to the groups of sentences. Complete the sentences with two to four words in each space.
1. a. Children need a secure environment in which to grow up.
b. Many immigrants are only able to find low-paid, insecure jobs.
c. The money was invested in securities and property.
2. a. Achievement levels vary considerably from school to school in the city.
b. Some economists believe that interest rates can be predicted by examining key economic variables.
c. In the Eden Project they have managed to create a wide variety of habitats.
d. There is significant variation in access to health care in different parts of the country.
3. a. How are we going to solve this problem? b. You need to dissolve the pesticide in water before applying it to the crop.
c. There appears to be insoluble conflict between the two countries, despite years of peace negotiations.
4. a. A mass spectrometer was used to analyze the gases.
b. Further analysis of the data is needed to confirm these initial findings.
c. The course is designed to help students to develop their analytical skills.
5. a. The results indicate that the virus mutates more rapidly than was first believed.
b. All the main economic indicators suggest that the economy is recovering.
c. The strike was indicative of the level of the workers’ frustration.
82 English for Academic Study
6. a. Chomsky was a fierce critic of Bush Senior’s foreign policy.
b. There was some criticism of the way the election had been administered.
c. The negotiations were critical to the establishment of peace in the area.
Unit 4: Note-taking: Part 1
CD1 Track 31 Ex 2.2
Listen to the recording and read the extract from the transcript at the same time.
Britain’s transport problems Part 1
So Britain’s roads, and especially those in the south-east, are overcrowded. There are too many cars on the roads, and at particular times of the day and in particular places, traffic is either very slow or at a standstill. Now, this has a number of effects. Firstly, there is the economic effect, all the time wasted in traffic jams, which means a loss of productivity. Then there’s the environmental effect. Cars produce a lot of pollution, which damages the local environment, but it also contributes to global warming. And there’s also an effect on people’s health. In addition to the poor air quality and the damage this causes people’s lungs, the stress of being stuck in traffic each day leads to higher risk of heart disease.
CD1 Track 32 Ex 2.5
Listen to Parts 2–5 of the lecture and make notes on page 34.
Part 2
So, how do we deal with this problem? It is widely accepted among researchers and policy makers that there isn’t just one simple solution. For example, it’s generally agreed that simply building more roads is not the solution, as research shows that this just leads to an increase in traffic and, in the long term, it worsens the problems I have just described. So, what is needed is a whole range of measures aimed at improving the transport system. The problem is that changes in transport policy take many years to plan and implement. Transport is a politically sensitive issue, so when governments change, then the policy often changes too. This makes it difficult to bring about major changes in policy.
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