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Page 64


www.us- tech.com


December, 2017


Success Continued from previous page


Reliability Fundamental to the Reed Relay’s Long


contacts close, which helps to break small welds and self-clean their con- tacts. While this does help lead to higher contact ratings,


it may


increase wear on the contact plating. EMRs can have much higher


ratings than reed relays because they use larger contacts. Reed relays are usually limited to currents of up to 2 or 3A. Because of their larger contacts,


EMRs can better sustain current surges. EMRs typically have a lower contact resistance than reed relays and can use materials of a lower resistivity than the nickel-iron used in a reed switch capsule. Reed relays and EMRs are both


excellent switches. The use of high- volume manufacturing methods often makes EMRs lower cost than reed relays. But, within the achiev- able ratings of reed relays, the reed relay has much better performance and longer life.


MEMS Switches Another relay technology is the


MEMS (microelectromechanical sys- tems) switch. It is worth noting that MEMS switches are still largely in the development stage for general usage as a relay. MEMS switches are fabricated


on silicon substrates where a three- dimensional structure is micro- machined using semiconductor pro- cessing techniques to create a relay switch contact. The contact can then


be deflected by using a magnetic field or an electrostatic field. The technology challenges have


resulted in a number of vendors work- ing with MEMS failing and either ceasing to trade or closing down their programs. Like reed relays, MEMS can be fabricated so that the switch is hermetically sealed. The switching part can be sealed in a ceramic pack- age or at the silicon level. This gener- ally leads to consistent switching characteristics at low signal levels. However, MEMS switches have small contact areas and low operating forces which frequently results in partial weld problems and very limited hot switch capacity. The biggest advantage for


MEMS relays, if they can be made reliable, is their low operating power and fast response. The receive/trans- mit switch of a mobile phone, for example, has long been a target for MEMS developers. However, at their present stage


of development it seems unlikely they will compete in the general mar- ket with reed relays, EMRs and solid-state relays as the developers concentrate on high value niche opportunities and military applica- tions. The reliable reed relay is still far from becoming obsolete. Contact: Pickering Electronics


Ltd., Stephenson Road, Clacton-on- Sea, CO15 4NL, UK % +44-1255-428141 fax: +44-1255-475058 E-mail: sales@pickeringrelay.com Web: www.pickeringrelay.com r


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