Terms & Definitions • 280 pharmacokinetics (PK)


The kinetics of drug absorption distribution, and elimination (i.e., excre- tion and metabolism).


Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of the process that helps in analyzing the fate of a pharmaceutical drug/biotherapeutic (also pesticides, food additives, etc.) from the moment it is administered to a living organism to the point when it is eliminated from the body. PK monitors the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Each of these processes is influenced by the route of administration of the substance and functioning of body organs. Absorption studies the movement of a medication from where it entered the body to the bloodstream. Distribution refers to the transport of the medication via the bloodstream to the intended action site. Metabolism refers to the breakdown of parent compounds into metabolites, which may or may not exhibit additional or increased activity. Excretion is the process of removal of the drug/therapeutic from the body. All these processes can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation, which allows a confident understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave based on some of its basic characteristics (acid dissociation constant, bioavailability, solubility, absorption capacity, and distribution).


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